【作者】 刘婉玉；

【导师】 孙杰远；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 美国没有国家统一的大学入学考试,由大学委员会(College Board) 委托民间考试服务机构ETS(Education Test Service)编制的SAT 考试被多数大学作为比较不同地区、不同高中、不同评分制度的标准。SAT 考试从1926 年起实行,历经几度修改以适应时代的变化,发展到今天已经成了美国事实上的“高考”。作为美国升学考试中典型代表的SAT,多年来在美国教育界特别是对基础教育评价的影响广泛。本文通过对SAT 评价模式展开研究,并从课程改革、考试评价、高校招生制度改革三个方面思考了其对我国基础教育评价的启示。全文分为5 个部分,第一部分首先系统地从SAT 的产生背景、设置机构、发展沿革、对美国SAT 评价模式及其在美国及世界范围内的影响力及作用进行介绍,再从考试测试时间、形式、评分机制三方面具体地对SAT 进行解读。第二部分分析了SAT考试设立以来最大的一次的改革缘由、改革特点及对最新改革中语文、数学、写作部分分项解析,并研究了SAT 的改革对美国国内课程产生的影响和对美国高校选才标准的影响。第三部分在从课程与教材的统一性和引导性两个方面分析美中基础教育课程体系的区别之后,探讨了SAT 评价体系对我国课程改革的启发,即建立多样、竞争的基础教育课程评价机制;课程开发与管理的自由和统一;考试评价与课程的统合。第四部分首先介绍美国基础教育考试评价的特点,即注重整体和发展性评价,然后分析了目前我国基础教育考试评价存在的主要问题,接着从考试来源、内容、方式、结果处理和考试对基础教育的导向性等5 个方面探讨了SAT 评价体系对我国以高考为代表的考试评价制度的启示。高等教育招生制度是基础教育的终端和高等教育的入口,第五部分基于SAT体系研究,介绍了美国高校招生制度的发展、要求、录取标准和程序等概况,思考了其对我国高等教育招生制度的启示:即保证高校有一定的招生自主权;多元、开放的高校入学评价考核类型;建立多次、多层的高校招生考试制度;高校入学标准兼顾学业成就与发展潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since there is no uniform entrance examination in the U.S.. College Board entrust civilian test institution Education Test Service to design SAT as standard to compare students from different area, senior middle school, evaluation system. Implemented in 1926, SAT has been revised several times to meet the change of times. Up to now, actually, SAT becomes “NEE”(National Entrance Examination) in the U.S. As the typical test in the U.S., SAT influence widely in field of education, especially in basic education evaluation. The paper carries out study on SAT evaluation model, and draws enlightenments to China from three aspects: curriculum reconstruction, test evaluation, reform of college enrollment system. On the whole, the paper is made up of five parts. Systematically, part one makes a brief introduction of SAT evaluation model, which is mainly, concentrated on its background, test institution, growth, influence and function, and impact in the world. Then details are given on SAT test time, format and scoring. Part two analyzes the latest reform of SAT since its existence. This part is focusing on causes and characteristics of the reform while separately study on each section of new SAT. Moreover, influence of SAT to curriculum in the U.S. as well as criteria of college admission is presented. Part three first tells the difference of curriculum system in basic education between America and China from the oneness and directness of courses and textbook Therefore, what we can learn from SAT model is stated, that is to set up a varied and competitive evaluation mechanism; free and union of curriculum exploration and management; integration of curriculum and test assessment. Part four introduces the characteristic of tests system in basic education of America, which pay much attention on holistic and developmental evaluation to students. Afterwards, the main problems in tests system of China are discussed and inspiration from SAT model to Chinese test evaluation system, especially to “NEEC”(National Entrance Examination of China). Namely, in the aspects of test resource, contents, format, grading and directness. College enrollment system is the terminal of basic education and entrance to higher education. Based on study of SAT system, the fifth part makes a general introduction of American college enrollment system concerning its development, requirement, admission criteria and procedure. In addition, the author probes into the enlightenments to higher education enrollment system of China. That is, to ensure colleges’decision-making power of enrollment and open as well as plural types of college enrollment evaluation; to set up frequent and various entrance examinations; criteria of enrollment to colleges should combine both students’academic achievement and their potential. Presently, based on study of SAT model, educational research between China and America is mainly some kind of introduction instead of reasoning analyses, not alone research on basic education evaluation system in America. This paper not only studies SAT itself, but also further explore its enlightenments to Chinese basic education evaluation, which is the originality and sparkling point of this paper.更多还原