【作者】 周文礼；

【导师】 唐学玺；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 生物海洋学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 褶皱臂尾轮虫（Brachionus Plicatilis）是海洋常见轮虫种类之一。在自然水生态系统的物质循环和能量传递过程中具有重要的作用,在水产养殖和水环境监测等方面也具有重要的应用价值。 本实验是在中国海洋大学生态实验室进行的,以褶皱臂尾轮虫和几种海洋微藻为实验材料,研究了饵料对褶皱臂尾轮虫摄食、繁殖和种群数量变动的影响。主要内容和结论如下: 1.饵料对褶皱臂尾轮虫摄食的影响,结果表明:（1）一定的密度范围内,轮虫的摄食率G(cells·ind^-1·h^-1)和滤水率F(ml·ind^-1·h^-1)与饵料密度密切相关,摄食率随着饵料密度的升高而增大,达到一定密度后,摄食率开始下降;但是滤水率总是随着饵料密度的升高而降低.（2）褶皱臂尾轮虫对不同饵料具有选择性,在混合饵料中,摄食量最大的饵料并不一定是最适饵料.本实验显示,褶皱臂尾轮虫的最适饵料是小球藻。 2.利用小球藻、金藻、小新月菱形藻、绿色巴夫藻、角毛藻、扁藻分别培养褶皱臂尾轮虫,实验表明,不同藻类对轮虫的繁殖影响不同,以角毛藻为饵料抑制轮虫繁殖,以小球藻和扁藻为铒料促进轮虫繁殖。并且投喂不同生理状态的藻类,结果也不同。投喂处于指数增长期的藻类要比投喂衰老期的藻类效果好。实验还表明,轮虫在适宜饵料保障下大量繁殖,低于饵料保障度或饵料保障度过大都不利于轮虫繁殖。 3.为探讨富营养化水体中大量发生的轮虫与微藻之间的关系,在实验室条件下,利用种群累积培养法,观测了不同藻类饵料密度下褶皱更多还原

【Abstract】 Brachionus plicatilis is one of common rotifer species in marine, and is considered to have important status in material cycle and energy transportation in marine ecosystem, and applied value in aquaculture.The experiment was conducted in the ecological laboratory of the ocean university of China by using Brachionus plicatilis and a few kinds of different microalages. The effects of food type, food concentration on ingestion, and reproduction and the changes of population quantity of Brachionus plicatilis were studied in this article. The main contents and results were presented as following:1.The results from ingestion experiment of Brachionus plicatilis showed that (l)There is a close correlation between the food concentration and filtering rates (F,ml.ind~-1.h~-1), grazing rates(G,cells.ind~-1.h~-1) within the proper concentration range for Brachionus plicatils . G tended to increase in optimal food concentration range, beyond this range, G began to decrease. But F always decreased with the increase of food concentration. (2) Brachionus plicatils were able to select optimal algae from mixed food .The algae with the highest G must not be the most optimal one. the result from the selective experiment showed that the optimal kind of food ingested by Brachionus plicatils is Chlorella sp.2. Brachionus plicatils were respectively cultivated by using Chlorella sp, Isochrysis galbana Parke ,Nitaschia closterium minutissima Allen et Nelson, Paviova viridis Tseng Chen et Zhang, Chaetoceros affinis, Tetraselmis chuii. The results showed that effects of different algaes on reproduction of rotifer were different. Chaetoceros affinisas dietary canrestrain reproduction of rotifer, but chlorella, platymonasaccelerate it. Putting in algaes in differently physiological conditions leads to different results. Putting in the increasest age is suprior to that in the senile stage .The experimental so showed that rotifer reproducted largely in proper ensuring of dietary, but low or hign dietary ensuring was not good for reproduction of rotifer.3. The developmental periods and population growth characters of the rotifer Brachionus plicatils were studied under different food concentrations, to present basic data for revealing the relationship between the rotifer and its algal food environment. The experiment was conducted using population accumulative culture method. The anlmais were fed on Chlorella sp using seven concentrations(0. IX 106,0. 5X 106,1.0 X 106,2.0 X 106,4.0 X 10\8.0 X 106,12 X 106cells/ml). Food concentrations showed significant effects on embryonic and juenile development periods, duration of reproduction, umber of eggs per female.net reproductive rate, generation time and population innate rate of increase. Then umber of eggs per female, net reproductive rate, generation time and population innate rate of increase showed peak values at the food concentration of 2. OX 106cells/ml, while the juvenile development time and generation time were shortest in the group .Further more, Brachionus plicatils could keep relatively high population growth rate in a wide rang of food concentrations, showed a potential to tolerate higher algal concentration.更多还原