【作者】 张敏；

【导师】 刘惠荣；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 国际法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 民法是权利法。本文导论从权利的概念出发,指出法律之力和受法律保护的利益是权利不可缺少的两要素,权利就是运用法律对利益进行配置。利益由各种载体来体现。我们对物质、能量载体已经有了深刻认识,但是对于信息这一载体形式还缺乏了解,对信息产权的认识一直局限在知识产权领域。而且就是对知识产权这一权利来说,其信息的本质在学者之间也不能获得统一,对知识产权下的子权利的不同类型的信息本质也达不成共识。更不用说把对信息的认识扩展到其它权利类型。而其实,在人格权领域,在物权和债权领域,同样存在着信息的问题,而且正是由于不能认识到这些信息的本质而导致权利解释上的困惑。 因此,本文第二部分“权利的困惑”从三方面对这种困惑进行了概述。首先从人格和人格权的历史发展出发,对姓名在奥地利民法典中的独立规定,对德国民法典中姓名的权利化现象和对生命、身体、健康和自由的非权利化现象,对导致一般人格权出现的人格权要素进行考察,指出人格权包含的人格要素中,权利化的都是人的信息要素,信息的可支配性是其权利化的本质原因。然后,笔者对知识产权内部的分裂现象,学者已有的知识产权理论无法解释新型信息的现象从知识产权的理论、历史发展、知识产权的概念、特征四个方面进行了论述。再次,笔者对物权和债权的模糊化现象进行了信息论上的解释。最后,笔者进行了归纳总结,指出我们一直以来对客体缺乏足够的认识,客体基本包括自然界客体、社会客体和精神客体。这三种客体都是由物质、能量和信息三者构成,而且信息是本质。我们一直从一维空间看待客体而不是三维空间。正是因为客体的信息本质才使得认识成为可能。因此,信息产权概念的构建成为必要。 本文的第三部分在第二部分的基础上,具体的论述了信息产权。本部分首先指出信息产权一词的来源。然后指出了信息的定义和特征。第三节则对信息产权的构架进行了描述,文章指出,在目前的认识水平下,信息产权下的信息至少分为创造性信息、标识性信息、秘密性信息等三部分。并截取这三类信息类型中的部分客体,从横切面对其信息本质进行了论证。第四节则指出信息的基本价值体现在创造、传播、转化、诚信、尊重等几个方面。 结语部分,本文指出概念是一个不断突破的过程。在科技的促进下,认识会逐渐提高,从而导致已有的制度做出反应,继而再促进科技的进步。为了实现上述技术和制度的良性循环,在信息法领域,我们应该抛弃概念法学的做法,借鉴英美法系的演绎法以实现对信息的更好保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 The civil law is right law.From the start of concept of right ,the thesis indicates that the law and interests are indispensable to the right.The interest needs the carrier to embody.Material and energy have been known ,but for the information we lack the understanding.Further more,the information differentiates from the material and the energy when configuring the intersts.The understanding of information is limited in the field of intellectual property.The unification of the essence of information has not be gained among the scholars,and we have not known well the classification of information,and gone without saying the information in the other rights.In fact,the information exists the personal right and real right and creditor right.The lack of information understanding is the baffling.The second part sets out from the origin of the personality and personal rights. There is a special phenomena that only the name is a right and other essentials like life,body,health and freedom are not rights.Reviewing the emergence of the concept of the common personal rights, we know that in the essentials of personal rights,only the information in the persons can be called right.Because only the information of person can be used in law.Then the author discusses the intellectual property from the theory,the history,the concept and the character in order to prove the splitation and the limits of the intellectual property.Then the thesis explains the phenomena of the blurring of real right and creditor’ s right in the view of information.Finally,the author induces that we lack the enough understanding of the objects.The objects consists of the nature objects,community objects and genius objects.The three objects is composed of material,energy and information,and the information is the essence.We need to know the problem from the solid point.The information concept is demanded.The third part discusses the information property right particularly.Firstly,the author indicates the origin of the concept of the information,then gives the concept and character.The multiformity of the information causes the contradictions when people use it. Thirdly the author describes the truss of the information property and indicates the information can be divided into creative information and mark information and secret information basicly,to prove the essence of them is information.Forthly,the basic value can be embodied in the concept of creation,spreading,transforming,trusting and respectingIn the epilogue part,the thesis indexes the concept needs to breach constantly.The science and technology accelerate the advance of ideas and cause the law to response,then to boost the science and technology.In the field of information property right law ,we need to cast away the modus operandi of the conceptual jurisprudence,and use deductive methods to realize the value of information更多还原