特殊防卫研究

【作者】 王连祥；

【导师】 钊作俊；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 刑法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是一篇有关特殊防卫的专题研究论文,全文四万余字。全文由引言和正文两部分组成,引言部分介绍了特殊防卫的历史演进及其现实研究意义。正文共分三个部分。 第一部分:特殊防卫的基础理论。本部分主要论述了三个问题:一是关于特殊防卫的政策依据。政策是制定国家法律的基本依据,是法律的核心内容和“灵魂”;国家法律是党的政策的具体体现,是实现政策的重要工具。在司法实践中,既要反对法律虚无主义的观点,也要反对法律万能主义的观点,把依法办事与政策为指导有机的结合起来。法律的适用通常随着国家政策的变化而变化,法律对防卫的规定随着形势的需要而有所变化。二是关于特殊防卫的本质属性。特殊防卫是一种什么性质的行为,法律为什么要规定特殊防卫,防卫行为不受刑罚处罚的根据究竟是什么?三是关于特殊防卫的价值判断。特殊防卫的实质是国家维持秩序的需要。 第二部分:特殊防卫的规范探析。本部分主要论述了三个问题:一是关于特殊防卫的防卫范围,并且提出了自己的观点。二是关于特殊防卫的防卫意图。特殊防卫的意图包括两个:认识因素和意志因素。三是关于特殊防卫的损害结果。笔者建议在刑法第20条第3款“造成不法侵害人伤亡”之前增加“迫不得已造成……”。 第三部分:特殊防卫的司法认定。首先,分析了特殊防卫与一般正当防卫的关系。通过分析特殊防卫与一般防卫的区别,从而得出特殊防卫的构成要件。其次,关于特殊防卫的时间条件。在这一部分中,通过一些具体的案例分析了特殊防卫的时间条件。最后,对转化犯的特殊防卫。对哪些转化犯能实行特殊防卫以及何时才能实行特殊防卫,是司法实践中出现多且亟待解决的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is about special defense, and adds up to more than 40000 words. This article is made up of preface and text, and preface is about the historical course and its practical meaning. The text consists of three parts.The first part: the basic theory of the special defense. The part mainly discusses three questions: The first is about the basis of policy. The policy is the basic foundation to draft the law, and the nucleus and the sprit of the law. The law is the reflection of the party’s policy, and the important tool to realize the policy. In judicial practice, we should object to not only the nihilism of law but also the multiple-use of law, and should integrate the guide of the policy into the action according to the law. The application of the law varies according to the country policy, and the legal prescription of defense varies according to the situation. The second is about essential trait of special defense. What is the essential trait of special defense? Why stipulates the special defense? What is the base of not penalizing special defense? The third is about the value of the special defense. Its essence is to meet the need of keeping order.The second part: research of the special defense. The first is about the range of special defense, and the author puts forward his view. The second is about the intention of special defense. The intention of special defense concludes two parts: the understanding factor and the determination factor. The third part is about the damage of special defense. In this part, the author suggests that we should make some amendments to the rules of Article 20, Section 3 of the criminal law: add urgent condition before the harm as result of illegal violations.The third part: the judicial determination of special defense. Firstly, the author analyzes the link between ordinary defense and special defense. The author draws a conclusion of the requirements of special defense after analyzing the differences. Secondly, the author analyzes the time of special defense. In this part, the author analyzes the time in the base of the some cases. At last, the author analyzes the special defense of the transforming offense. Which transforming offense can be the target of special defense? When we can carry out special defense? These questions happen often and need settlements in practice.更多还原