马克思世界历史理论研究

【作者】 侯国亮；

【导师】 车美萍；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思世界历史理论是马克思主义理论体系的有机组成部分。随着全球化进程的不断加快,引发了一系列全球性的实践问题和理论问题,解决这些问题需要科学的方法论指导,这就凸显了马克思世界历史理论的当代意义。同时,也正是在回答这些问题的过程中,马克思世界历史理论才能得到进一步的丰富与发展。 本文以马克思世界历史理论的形成和发展过程为线索,论述了三部分内容: 第一部分,马克思世界历史理论形成的条件。主要讲了两方面内容,首先,马克思世界历史理论的产生有着深刻的社会历史背景。在近代以来社会化大生产的推动下,特别是在资本主义生产方式条件下,国家之间、民族之间交往的范围越来越广,普遍化的程度越来越高,跨民族、跨地域发展成为资本主义经济、社会发展的一般特征。这些新因素汇成一种强大动力,最终促进了世界历史的形成。其次,马克思早期的理论准备对他世界历史理论的形成也起了十分重要的奠基作用。可以说,马克思的世界历史思想是他历史学、经济学、哲学研究成果的结晶。 第二部分,马克思世界历史理论的基本内容,是本文的主要部分,按照其形成和发展的先后顺序,分为三个阶段。19世纪40年代,是马克思世界历史理论的形成时期,这一时期这一理论尽管还显得有些零散,但其基本的思想都已明确地提出来了,主要体现在《德意志意识形态》、《共产党宣言》等著作中。19世纪五六十年代,马克思世界历史理论又得到进一步深化。这一时期马克思对世界历史的研究,是和对资本主义的剖析结合在一起的,其成果主要反映在《资本论》当中。到了七八十年代,即马克思晚年,马克思世界历史理论主要反映在对古代社会尤其是俄国公社的研究上,即重点体现在对俄国未来社会主义道路的探索上。 第三部分,马克思世界历史理论的当代意义,主要讲了两个方面的问题。首先,从马克思世界历史的角度对全球化进行了大致的解读,指出了其本质和发展方向。其次,论述了马克思世界历史理论对当代中国现代化建设所具有的指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marx’s "world history" theory is the organic component of the theoretical system of Marxism. With the constant quickening of the globalization process, it has caused a series of global practice and theoretical questions, it needs scientific methodology guidance to solve these problems,and this has shown contemporary meaning of Marx’s "world history" theory especially. Meanwhile, just during the process of answering these questions, Marx’s "world history" theory could get further abundant and development.This text regards forming and evolution of Marx’s "world history" theory as the clue, have explained three parts of contents around this question:The first part, concerning the forming conditions of the Marx’s "world history" theory, has explained two respects content mainly. First, the formulation of Marx’s "world history" theory has deep social historical backgrounds. Under the push of the large-scale social production since modern times, especially under the capitalist mode condition, the range associating between the countries, between the nationalities is wider and wider, the degree of the generalization is higher and higher, transnational, step the region general characteristic of developing into capitalist economy, social development. These new factors converging into a kind of strong motive force have promoted the forming of the world history finally. Secondly, Marx’s early theory play important function of laying a foundation to he "world history". We can say , Marx’s "world history" thought is the crystallization of his history, economics, philosophy research.The second part, the basic content of Marx’s "world history" theory, the main part of this text, is divided into three stages according to its priority order of taking shape and developing. The forties of the 19th century are the forming period of Marx’s "world history" theory. Though this theory still seemed a bit scattered in this period, the basic thought has been put forward clearly already, it was reflected in the works of "Deutsche ideology", "Communist Manifesto" etc mainly. In fifty or sixty times ofthe 19th century, Marx’s "world history" theory was deepened further. Marx’s study on world history of this period, was combined with the analysis to the capitalism together, its achievement was reflects in "Theory of the Capital "mainly. In the seventies and eighties, already at old age, Marx’s "world history" theory focused on the study of the ancient society, especially people’s commune in Russia mainly, already the focal point has reflected to the exploration of socialist road in the future of Russia.The third part, the contemporary meaning of Marx’s "world history" theory, has explained the questions of two respects mainly. First of all, it gave a rough explanation to the globalization in terms of Marx’s "world history", it pointed out its essence and developing direction. Secondly, it described the guidance function toward contemporary China’s modernization of the theory of Marx’s "world history".更多还原