《海上花列传》对传统的继承与创新

【作者】 李爱红；

【导师】 武润婷；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 《海上花列传》,作者韩邦庆。小说最初连载于光绪壬辰(1892年)二月创刊的《海上奇书》(初为旬刊,后改为月刊),每期刊两回,刊载至第三十回而结束。后集结成书,于光绪甲午(1894年)出版了六十四回本的石印本。小说以赵朴斋、赵二宝兄妹在上海的沉沦为线索,描写了近三十位烟花女子与其嫖客间的露水姻缘,客观再现了当时上海青楼女子的生存状态。本论文主体分为三部分,分别从叙事结构、人物塑造、审美取向、对现代海派小说的影响等几方面分析小说对传统的继承与创新。 第一部分是《海上花列传》对“奇书文体”的继承与创新。作者在创作中自觉因袭六部“奇书”的艺术精华,但不墨守成规,而是根据小说的内容特色自觉活化为自己独特的艺术手法。小说中“穿插藏闪”的叙事结构与“奇书文体”中经常使用的“横云断山”、“横桥锁溪”、“重作轻抹”、“伏笔”等技巧的渊源关系,“无雷同”“无矛盾”“无挂漏”的人物刻画之法对张竹坡“情理”说的发挥,即是明证。 第二部分是《海上花列传》的现代性新质。近代上海的文化氛围具有中西合璧、商业化、大众娱乐性等特色,这种宽松、自由的文化环境加之作者独特的审美取向孕育了小说中的种种现代性新质:有别于传统狭邪小说而颇似五四现实主义文学的近真倾向;打破了中国古代言情说部的叙事常规,在“平淡而近自然”的白描中凸显出的市民意识;通篇对话中灵动的苏白方言赋予小说的别致的语言风貌;小说中说书人权限的缩小以及戛然而止的开放式结尾等叙事形式的新变。 第三部分是《海上花列传》对现代海派小说的影响。《海上花列传》作为旧海派空前绝后的杰作,对现代海派小说的影响是深远的,尤其是在都市民间文化突兀而现的20世纪40年代。当时海派文学的健将张爱玲更是对《海上花列传》有着难以割舍的钟爱,与韩邦庆产生了一次次的艺术共鸣,正是在对这部小说的传承和超越中,她的作品具有了“现代化和中国化的双重品质”。 由分析可知:《海上花列传》中化用传统而来的精巧结构和巧妙的人物刻画之法透露出作者对中国古代小说传统的尊崇和有意识的学习。而小说中对人性的深刻体察,对世俗美的渲染以及素朴的白描手法则代表着小说打破传统向现代性转变的努力。正是两方面的浑然统一使小说呈现出近代文学所特有的承上启下的过渡性特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Biography of the Social Butterfly in Shanghai" was written by Han Bangqing. This novel was initially published in installments on the "remarkable book of Shanghai" which began to be printed in feb. 1892.(First a publication appearing once every 10 days, then every month.)Two chapters each issue, ending with the 30th chapters. Then it was concentrated into a book, which was published with 64 chapters as a lithographic printing in 1894. This novel, with the clue of the degradation of the two brother and sister Zhao Puzhai and Zhao Erbao in Shanghai, describes the love without marriage between approaching 30 prostitutes and their brother frequenters, reappearing the living condition of the prostitutes in Shanghai at that time. The body of this thesis is divided into 3 parts, analyzing how the novel inherits and brings forth new idea to the tradition from many aspects like the structure of narration, the portrayal of figure, the orientation of appreciation and the influence to the contemporary novel of Shanghai School.The first part is how this novel inherits and brings forth new ideas to the "remarkable book style". Although the writer followed the essence of the six remarkable books on his own initiative, instead of sticking to convention, he got his own artistic skill from the distinguishing features of the original relation between the structure of narration which used "crossing , insertion, hiding and doddery" and the skills which were used in the remarkable book style frequently like "the transverse cloud cutting the mountain" "the horizontal bridge locking the brook" "understatement instead of overstatement" and "foreshadowing". Also, there is the other evidence which were considered to be the elaboration to the "reason" theory of Zhang Zhupo in the portrayal of figure like "no duplication", "no contradiction", and "no thinking of one thing and leaving out another".The second part of the thesis is the modern new characteristic of the novel. The culture atmosphere of Shanghai in modern times has the characteristics of being combination of Chinese and West, commercialized and an entertainment for the masses. This kind of broad and free culture atmosphere plusing the writer’s own special orientation of appreciation gave birth to the modern new characteristics of the novel, those are, the tendency which was different from the traditional prostitute novels but like the realistic literature of "the May 4th movement in 1919"; the conception of thecity residents which appeared in the simple description and broke the convention of old Chinese romantic novel; the reduction of the powers which belong to the storytelling man and abrupt open ending; the unique language style which was given by Subai dialect in the conversation.The third part is the influence to the novels of the modern Shanghai School. This novel, the masterpiece of the Old Shanghai School, has the profound influence to the modern Shanghai School, especially in the 1940s. When the culture of the masses people in big cities come into being .Zhang Ailing, who was a top-notch player of Shanghai School, had a strong affection to this novel. She had a sympathetic response with Han Pangqing for many times. It is in the inheritance and transcendence of this novel that Zhang Ailing’ work was endowed by two characteristics "modernization" and "Chinese".We can know from the analysis that the elaborate structure of narration and the skillful depiction of characters in "Biography of the Social Butterfly in Shanghai" reveal that the writer revered and learned consciously the trandition of Chinese novels. While the deep-going experience of humanism , the applause for temporal aesthetics and the simple description express the endeavor to break the trandition and convert to modernity. Just the sympathetic unification of the above two aspects enables the novel to appear the characteristic of tansition from ancientry to modernity which is the particularity of modern literature.更多还原