恢复性司法问题研究

【作者】 吕欣；

【导师】 周长军；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 刑法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 恢复性司法是20世纪七十年代开始从北美和澳大利亚等地发展起来的一种新的刑事法治模式。各国的法律传统不同,对恢复性司法的理解也各不相同,但至少都包含以下三个原则性的内容:对被害人来说,恢复性司法意味着修复被犯罪所带来的实际的物质的伤害和困扰他们生活的精神伤害;对加害人来说,恢复性司法意味着通过消除其犯罪行为所带来的伤害来承担责任,而不是单纯的接受惩罚;对社区来说,恢复性司法意味着积极参与犯罪的处理,帮助被害人和加害人双方进行面对面接触,恢复性司法鼓励在被害人、加害人和社区之间重新建立一种和谐的社会关系。 本文在前言部分分析了从原始社会到一直近现代刑事司法观念的变迁,即从报应到改造再到恢复,这种观念的变化是恢复性司法兴起的内在基础。 正文第一部分用详尽的资料和数据介绍外国恢复性司法的兴起与发展,并总结了国外恢复性司法所取得的成效和所面临的挑战;作为一种新生事物,恢复性司法没有一个统一的定义,各国的刑法学者对此有众多不同的理解,本文第二部分从恢复性司法的特点出发,首先认可了联合国基本原则所给出的定义,同时,在与报应性司法相比较的基础上,阐述了本文对恢复性司法的理解;第三部分利用历史资料来发掘我国恢复性司法的历史渊源,少数民族的原始习惯法对犯罪的处理方式和承担责任的方式都反映了恢复性司法的基本精神,是恢复性司法的滥觞,而封建社会宗族家法对案件的调解及官府的调处息讼则佐证了恢复性司法在我国的延续;第四部分主要从三个角度探讨了目前我国恢复性司法的现状,分别论述了国家刑事司法系统之内对自诉案件的调解、国家刑事司法框架之外平等自愿原则下的“私了”以及对国外的社区矫正进行的尝试,虽然这些都是一些具有恢复性司法特征但是零散的未成系统的作法,但我们还是应该说,社区矫正的尝试对于我国现行的刑事司法和行刑方式所产生的影响是不可低估的,它将为恢复性司法在中国的全面实施拉开帷幕。文章第五部分从我国刑事司法的现状出发,将恢复性司法定位为我国刑事法治的第二条道路,并在此基础上,设计了从犯罪发生之前的预防,到侦查起诉阶段、审理前的阶段、审理阶段以及刑罚执行阶段的各种恢复性司法措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research on Restorative JusticeRestorative justice is a new criminal law system ,which develops from north America and Australia in 1970s.There are different perceptions about restorative justice because every country have different traditions, but most of the restorative justice programs rest on following three principles: For those harmed ,restorative justice means repairing the actual damage caused by wrongdoing and restoring their sense of control over their lives; For wrongdoers, restorative justice involves accepting responsibility for their actions by repairing any harm they caused, instead of being punished; For the community, restorative justice means assisting victims and offenders in their process of restoration, it encourages the rebuilding of peaceful relationship among who are wrongdoers ,those who have suffer harm and members of the community.In the preface of this article, author analysis the changes of the idea of criminal justice from retribution to transformation to restoration, which built up the bases of the restorative justice.In first part, the author introduces the spring-up and the development of the restorative justice in abroad, and summing up the efficiency and the defects about it.;In the second part ,defines the restorative justice comparing with the retributive justice ;in the third part ,the author collects plenty of material to research the origin and the continuance of the restorative justice in history of china; in the forth part describe three kinds of restorative practices at now in our country; at last, the author think that Chinese restorative justice as the second path of the criminal justice, and devise various program for the future restorative justice of china, from prevention of criminality to all the process in criminal procedure.更多还原