汽车驾驶模拟器动态模拟系统的研究

【作者】 张竹林；

【导师】 张小印；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 车辆工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 驾驶疲劳是造成交通事故的重要原因,为了进行人机工程学的驾驶疲劳研究,我们根据引起驾驶疲劳的因素,设计了针对驾驶疲劳研究的汽车动态驾驶模拟器,方便了实验设备的安装和试验数据的采集,而且具有无污染、安全节能、不受环境气候的影响等优点,具有重要的研究意义和实用价值。 本文讨论的动态驾驶模拟器具有力学模拟器,行驶中采用四个轮胎同时转动,具有很好的动态效果,能够很好的模拟汽车惯性冲击,使行驶中挂挡顺利,比以前的模拟器更加接近实车情况。采用计算机控制液压伺服系统实现模拟器的姿态动作仿真和模拟路面的不平度脉冲激励。 本文主要介绍了驾驶模拟器的动态系统研究,包括模拟器的机械传动机构设计、液压伺服系统设计和液压伺服系统的控制,同时还介绍了采取的PID控制方法。根据液压伺服系统系统设计的技术参数得出了系统的开环传递函数,并进行了MATLAB仿真。文中还介绍了动态控制的设计思想,同时本文还对于路面不平度的脉冲激励信号进行了理论研究和仿真,得出了液压伺服系统的初始驱动信号,为路面模拟打好基础。 通过模拟器的硬件安装和控制软件的调试,达到了预期的效果,实践证明本文研究的方法是可行的,具有一定的创新点,为驾驶疲劳研究提供了更为科学的实验平台。更多还原

【Abstract】 Driving fatigue is an important cause of traffic accidents, for the study of driving fatigue of the human engineering, we design a dynamic steering simulator according to the factors of causing driving fatigue. It’s convenient for fixing the test equipment and gathering the test data, and also has the excellence of no pollution, safety, saving energy, and no influence of environment and climate. It also has the value of study and practicality.The dynamic steering simulator discussed in this paper has a power simulator, and has good dynamic effect because its four tyres are rolling when running. The power simulator simulates the car inertia impulsion and is avail of shifting when running. The effect is closer to the real driving condition than other former driving simulators. We use industrial computer to control the servo system of electro-hydraulic to realize the action of the simulator and the simulation of the roads ride.This paper mainly introduces the study of the dynamic system of the steering simulator, including the design of the mechanism structure, the design and control of the servo system of electro-hydraulic, at the same time, it also introduces the control method of PID. It also gets the open loop transfer function according the technical parameter asked. The paper not only introduces the design methods of dynamic simulation and the theory study of the roads ride, but also uses MATLAB to simulate. By the method of simulation, it’s easy to get the initial driving signals of the servo system of electro-hydraulic.It’s proved that the effect is as good as expected by the means of fixing hardware and debugging the control software. The practice testifies the method we studied is practicable, and the method has some innovation. It provides a scientific test platform for the study of driving fatigue.更多还原