【作者】 方静；

【导师】 曾抗美；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在工业废水中,印染和染料生产工业产生的染料废水是最难处理的废水之一。这是因为染料通常是人工合成的,具有复杂的芳香分子结构,分子结构稳定,很难被生物降解。染料生产废水通常具有COD高、色度高的特点,并且很多染料具有生物毒性,直接排放,会对水体造成严重污染,并可能造成水生生态系统的破坏。 染料废水成分复杂,且随生产工艺过程的不同,所含成分差别较大,给废水处理带来很大困难。一般物理化学法处理费用高,易带来二次污染。生物法运行成本较低,受到了广泛的重视和应用,但染料废水的可生化性差,是影响废水生物处理的关键。针对这一问题,论文以偶氮型染料活性嫩黄K-4G、K-6G模拟废水为研究对象,采用电解法、臭氧氧化法、Fenton法、微电解法四种方法对废水进行预处理,检测预处理后染料废水的可生化性和处理条件对可生化性的影响,并分析了染料结构变化与可生化性的关系;培养驯化适合于处理对象和处理条件的微生物,用好氧接触氧化法处理经Fenton预处理后、具有较高含盐量的染料液,考察了溶液COD的降解过程,以及影响处理过程的主要因素。 实验结果表明:(1)用电解法、Fenton法、微电解法、臭氧氧化法对染料液进行预处理,均能不同程度地破坏染料的结构,提高染料的可生化性;(2)用臭氧氧化法进行预处理时,溶液pH和处理时间对处理结果有显著影响;较低的pH可在较短的时间内取得较好的预处理效果;(3)在含盐量较高的条件下,用接触氧化法处理经Fenton预处理的K-6G染料液,COD降解效果比较更多还原

【Abstract】 Dye wastewater from textile and dye production process is one of the most difficult to treat among industrial wastewater . This is because dyes usually have a synthetic origin and complex aromatic molecular structures which makes them more stable and more difficult to be biodegraded. Dye wastewater often has high COD concentration and color and many dyes are toxic to some organisms. If the wastewater wasn’t treated well and discharged into the water body, it will severely contaminate the water body and may cause direct destruction of aquatic communities, so some form of treatment is necessary.Dye wastewater often contains complex components which are different with production technology. It is difficult to define a universal method that could be used for the elimination of organic substances from wastewater. Common physical and chemical methods are difficult to treat the wastewater, expensive, easily cause new pollution. Biological methods with lower expense attract more eyes. But low biogegradability of dyes is an important factor that affects biological process. So some pretreatment technique is necessary. In the experiment, electrolysis、 Fenton oxidation、 ozone oxidation and micro-electrolysis were used to pretreat the reactive yellow K-4G or K-6G dye. Warburg respiration apparatus was used to test the biodegradability of dyes treated with different technique. The relationships ofbiodegradability and structure of dyes treated with different ways were analyzed in terms of UV-VIS spectrums. Domesticated organism, which was attached on plastic fibers fixed in a aerobic tank BCOT ( biological contact oxidation tank) was used to treat the high salinity dye wastewater pretreated by Fenton reaction. COD degradation process and important factors that affect treatment process were also analyzed.The results indicate: (1) Electrolysis ^ ozone oxidation, Fenton oxidation and micro-electrolysis could destroy dye structure to different degree and improve its biodegradability. (2) When pretreated by ozone, pH of solution and treatment time also affect the biodegradability of dyes remarkably. (3) When K-6G dye wastewater with high salinity, pretreated by Fenton oxidation process, was treated in the BCOT, COD could be degraded effectively and removal efficiency arrived at 60% until 4h. (4) When K-6G dye wastewater with high salinity, pretreated by Fenton oxidation process, was treated in the BCOT, dye biodegradation kinetics conformed with one-order equation and the average rate constant was 0.0037mm"1.Innovative aspects of the paper are: (1) some pretreatment techniques, electrolysis ^ Fenton oxidation > ozone oxidation and micro-electrolysis, were used to pretreat the reactive yellow K-4G or K-6G dye. Biodegradability of dyes treated with different ways and effect of the reaction condition on biodegradability were tested and analyzed. (2) Appropriate organism that could effectively degrade aimed wastewater were domesticated. BCOX is used to treat high salinity dye wastewater pretreated by Fenton oxidation. The paper also analyzed COD degradation process of the solution and brought forward dye biodegradation kinetics. The main tasks of the paper haven’t been reported in the literature presently.更多还原