【作者】 吴玲；

【导师】 樊瑜波； 龙洁；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 固体力学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 牵张成骨术是通过对切开后仍保留骨膜及软组织附着和血供的骨段施加特定的牵张力,以延长或拓宽骨骼,从而矫治骨骼缺损或畸形的新兴技术。牵张成骨进程中,骨段间隙内的应力分布对术后成骨效果有着决定性影响作用,正是在一定强度的有利张应力作用下,骨段间隙内的成骨细胞不断增殖分化最终导致了新骨的形成,而不良应力的产生将会减缓新骨形成的速率;此外,牵张进程中,颞颌关节区髁状突表面过大的应力会导致关节软骨不同程度的破坏。因此,对牵张成骨进程中延长区组织内和关节区髁状突表面的应力分布特征的研究十分重要,但是迄今为止,对该领域的相关认识较少。 本研究以山羊为实验动物,进行了山羊下颌骨牵张成骨的动物实验研究;同时在牵张成骨延长山羊下颌骨的动物模型实验基础上,以螺旋CT对下颌骨进行扫描,利用三维建模软件Mimics建立了在几种典型的咀嚼肌力作用下的下颌骨的三维有限元模型;并利用大型有限元分析软件Patran对其进行有限元计算;基于有限元计算的结果,分析牵张进程中山羊下颌骨各感兴趣部位的应力及变形分布规律,并与对侧计算结果进行比较,讨论如何提高手术效率及优化牵张器,以期为下颌骨生物力学在临床中的应用提供参考和依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application of distraction osteogenesis (DO) in treatment for the congenital craniofacial deformity and acquired craniofacial segmental bone defect is proved to be effective. During the distraction period, the gap tissues between the bone segments are under the mechanical loads from outside, which have an important effect on the quality of the new generated bone. Proper stress distribution benefits the new bone formation, and too large stress distribution does severe damage to the condylar cartilage .To ensure the new bone formation, the proper distribution of stress in the TMJ and gap tissues is necessary. So it is important to analyze the stress distribution in mandible after the distraction osteogenesis. But up to now, little is known on mandible stress analysis in DO.In this thesis, an animal model for lengthening the right side mandible by DO in young goat was established. The geometry of the goat mandible was obtained from CT scanning, and then the model was established to simulate the distraction osteogenesis by use of Mimics. A three-dimensional finite element model comprising the mandible, TMJ, muscles and gap tissue was set up. By using the finite element package-Patran, we acquired the stress and the displacement distributions in the mandible, which is useful for clinical treatment.更多还原