【作者】 周自波；

【导师】 侯力；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 检测是人类认识物质世界、改造物质世界的重要手段,是把待测的物理量通过一种器件或装置采集、变换和处理。检测系统是为了完成检测任务而构造的一个实体系统,其目的在于快速、准确、真实地将被测对象的有关信息呈现给检测者,以减少检测者对被检测对象观测的不确定程度,即获得信息。在线检测就是在加工过程中,在不影响其他系统正常工作的情况下完成对所需物理量的的测量。在磨床的磨削加工过程中可以利用在线检测技术检测零件的尺寸,从而提高产品的质量,提高劳动生产率,节约劳动时间。特别是在批量生产条件下,先进的在线测量技术意义尤其重大。 随着计算机技术的广泛应用,在检测系统中许多复杂的信号控制和处理都采用单片微型计算机来完成,进入单片机中处理的必须是数字信号。数字式传感器可以直接将被测量转换成数字信号输出,在不需要经过转换的情况下,直接送入单片机中处理,同时还能提高系统的检测精度、分辨率及抗干扰能力,又易于信号的运算处理、存储和远距离传输,因此得到了广泛的应用。 在以上所述的各种技术支持下,本课题结合生产实际,充分利用在线检测技术、数字电路技术和计算机技术,研发出一套适合外圆磨床进行在线检测的应用系统。主要研究工作和研究成果如下: 1、论述了检测技术的发展状况、外圆磨在线检测技术的现状,分析了进行外圆磨在线检测的意义,提出了系统研究的主要内容,同时还给出了检测技术的基本理论,从而为整个系统的研究开发提供了坚实的理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Measurement is an important means that human beings use to know and rebuild matter world. It can collect, transform and deal with the physical quantity which wants to measure through a certain instrument or device. Measurement system is an entity system that is built to complete a measurement task. Its purpose is to show the information of the measured object to inspector rapidly, accurately and really. And it can reduce uncertainty degree while the inspector measures the measured object. Online measurement can finish measureing the needed physical quantity without influencing other system normal working during the process of machining. During the process of grinding on grinder, online measurement can be used to measure the dimension of the part, which can heighten the quality of the part, improve labor productivity and save labor time. Especially during batch production, the use of adavanced online measurement shows great meanings.With the wide use of computer technology, many complex signals in the measurement system are controlled and treated by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM). The signal treated by SCM must be digit signal. Digit sensor can change the measured quantity into digit signal. It need not be changed and it is sent to SCM to treat directly, which can heighten measurement precision, resolving power and anti-jamming ability of the system. Digit singal is also easy to operate, store and transmit to remote place. So it is widely applied.Based on various technologies talked above, the project combines with production practice and makes foil use of online measurement, digit circuit and computer technology and develops a suit of application system which fits for online measurement on cylindrical grinder. The main reseach work and results are as follows:1. Development of online measurement and status quo of cylindrical grinder are discussed. Meanings of online measurement on cylindrical grinder are analysed. Main contents of system reseach are put forward. At the same time basic theories of measurement technology are presented. All of these lay a solid theory foundation for whole system reseach.2. Features of grating technology are analysed. Mathematics model of grating signal is presented. At the same time according to the need of system, appropriate subdivision technology is selected for system through comparing with advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of subdivision technologies. So subdicision curcuit is formed and it subdivides grating signal, which heightens system resolving powe and measurement precision.3. The design of whole measurement system is carried out. System schematic is given. Then appropriate grating sensor, amplifing circuit, shape regulating circuit, subdivision&direction identification circuit and etc. are selected. Appropriate SCM is selected. The enlarging of 8253 Counter and 8279 Display/Keyboard Chip are carried out. At the same time the design of power-dropped protection is put up.4. The basic idea of system software design is discussed. The basic function and task of system software are analysed. The general methods of data processing are brought forward. Program flow charts of main function models are listed. At the same time the design of software anti-jamming ability is carried out.5. The basic idea and principle of system mechanical clasp device fuction design is given. And design of mechanical device is carried out. The working process of mechanical device is described as well.6. Conclusions are drawn and developing trends of measurement system are prospected.更多还原