【作者】 杨极；

【导师】 肖先勇；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 在电力市场中,每个用户都必须对其在系统所引起的网损担负责任,不同的网损分摊方式将会对用户产生很大的影响。因此,在对有功、无功网损的分摊中,如何避免用户间的交叉补贴,并能为市场参与者提供正确的经济信号而须建立的公平、有效的分摊方案有着重要的意义。 本文分析了目前网损分摊方法的研究现状,研究了在电力市场下网损分摊的基本原则及相关问题,比较和分析了目前采用的综合成本分摊、按比例分摊、边际网损系数法、潮流跟踪法等网损分摊方法的特点和不足,在此基础上,提出了一种在双边交易中确定有功、无功网损的分摊策略,采用以支路的潮流电流为基础进行网损分摊。 该方法基本观点是每笔交易所产生的影响由自身对系统的影响和它与别的交易共同对系统产生的影响两部分组成。每笔交易所分得的网损基于它对系统电流潮流的贡献。由于系统的非线性,交易所贡献的电流需要调整,论文提出电流调整因子(CAFs)的概念,并用电流调整因子对电流进行调整。每一支路上电流调整因子的制定,为各交易的网损分摊提供了公平合理的评估方法。在所提出的方案中,网损分明部分由各交易独立承担,而对于网损交叉项,在对现有的交叉项网损分摊方式分析的基础上采用了一种更为公平、合理的分摊方法,即基于数学变化的分摊方式。 本文提出的方法与现有方法的不同之处在于,该方法能同时有效地应用于有功、无功网损的分摊,从而节省了时间,提高了效率;该方法能确定每笔交易对系统各支路的贡献,并能应用于系统阻塞管理;同时,该方法能保证系统收支平衡,并能向各交易提供合适的经济信号。采用该方法能较准确合理地反映出各交易由于输电业务而造成的网损情况,能较好地避免用户间的交叉补贴。更多还原

【Abstract】 In electricity market, every user must be responsible for the system losses he causes, and different methods of loss allocation will affect every user. Developing a fair loss allocation scheme for real and reactive power is significant to avoid cross subsidies and to give correct economic signals to market participants.This paper analyzes a review of current research on transmission losses allocation, studies basic principles and correlative problems of loss allocation in electricity market, compares features and shortages of current loss allocation methods of embedded cost allocation, proportionality allocation, marginal allocation and tracing flow allocation, on these bases, presents a new method for determining real and reactive power loss allocations in bilateral contracts, namely loss allocation based on the flow current.The basic idea of the method assumes that each transaction has its own effect on the system plus its interactive effect with other transactions. Each transaction share of losses is based on its contribution on the system currents contributions which need to be adjusted, due to the nonlinearity of the system, using the introduced Current Adjustment Factors (CAFs), which provide a reasonable way evaluating each transaction. Each transaction is independently responsible for the clear part of losses, and on the base of analyzing current research on allocating cross-item losses, an improving method is proposed , which is based on of mathematicaltransformation.Unlike other approaches, the method can be applied effectively to allocate both real and reactive power losses simultaneously, which saves time and effort. It can determine each transaction contribution to every branch on the system, which is helpful in congestion management. Furthermore, it can ensure the break-even requirement and provide appropriate economical signals to transactions. Thus the method preferably reflect that each transaction is allocated the system losses and avoid cross subsidies.The examples of a 4-bus system and the IEEE 14-bus test system show that the consistency of the proposed method with expected results, and it is proved that the theory and algorithm advanced herein correct, effective and feasible.更多还原