【作者】 吴宝明；

【导师】 徐炎华；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 生物化工， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以主要含重金属铜和锡的电镀污泥为研究对象,提出了“浸出—分步沉淀—无害化”的处理工艺,并对浸出、分步沉淀、除杂、无害化过程的工艺条件和机理进行了研究和探讨。研究结果表明:该工艺能较好地回收电镀污泥中的有价金属铜和锡,同时,整个工艺过程产生的废水、废渣符合安全排放的标准,不会对环境产生危害,达到了资源化和无害化的目的。 以不同的酸作为浸出剂对污泥进行了浸出效果比较实验,结果表明,在相同条件下,各酸的浸出效果顺序为:盐酸>王水>硝酸>硫酸。因此选择盐酸作为电镀污泥浸出剂。盐酸浸出实验的理想工艺条件为:污泥的给料细度为100目,液固比为3,每克污泥加盐酸2mL,浸出时间为1hr,常温。在该工艺条件下,铜、锡的浸出率均在95%以上。 对电镀污泥的浸出液采用加碱调节pH值的方法来分步沉淀铜和锡。工艺条件为:将浸出液pH值调至2,沉淀锡;在pH值为2～4范围内除去杂质铁;将pH从4调节到8,沉淀铜。在上述工艺条件下,能有效地除去浸出液中的主要杂质,得到的铜和锡产品的回收率和纯度都较高。 工艺产生的废水可以达到排放标准,满足污水综合排放要求。产生的固体废渣得到了大幅减量化,而且也达到了安全处置的要求。因此,整个工艺产生的废物均不会对环境造成危害。 技术经济分析后发现,用该工艺处理电镀污泥是有一定的经济价值,该技术具有环境和经济双重效益。本研究在工艺流程上有所创新,技术切实可行,设计参数合理,操作简单方便,对实际生产有指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new technology is developed, described as leaching-precipitating step by sep — innoxious disposal. It is used to treat the electroplating sludge in which the primary heavy metals are copper and Stannum. The mechanisms of leaching , precipitating and purifying of this technology are investigated. The results have shown that the copper and Stannum can be leached mostly, and the waste water and the solid waste produced in leaching and precipitating process do not have adverse effects on the environment.Different acids are used to leach the electroplating sludge, and the results have shown that hydrochloric acid is the best leaching reagent. The optimum conditions of acid leaching are: the fineness of raw material is 100, the ratio of water/solid is 3, acid dosage is 2mL per gram dry sludge, leaching time is lh, the room temperature is used. Copper and Stannum can be effectively leached from the electroplating sludge.Copper and Stannum are separated by precipitating under different pH values from the leaching solution. The impurities are also removed by precipitating. The high-quality products of Sn(OH)4 and Cu(OH)2 are made .The waste water and the solid waste produced in the leaching and precipitating process can meet the standard of safe disposal. So, the wastes have no bad impact to the environment.Through economical analysis, it can be concluded that it is profitable to treat the electroplating sludge using the new method. In our investigation, there are innovations in technology, and the parameters are suitable, so the technology has guidable meaning to the plant application.更多还原