我国土地征收法律制度研究

【作者】 李晓艳；

【导师】 于沛霖；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 土地征收是调整私人或集体土地所有权与社会公共利益矛盾的最强有力的公法手段,对社会经济生活及私人或集体的财产权有着重要影响,因此世界各国普遍建立了土地征收制度。由于我国实行土地的社会主义公有制,在我国土地征收是指国家为了公共利益的需要而强制性地取得集体土地的所有权并给予一定补偿的行政行为,它是我国集体土地所有权唯一合法的流转方式和配置土地资源的主要行政手段。随着我国社会主义市场经济的建立和发展,承袭计划经济体制的土地征收制度已不适应市场经济体制的发展需求,引发了实践中诸多问题,因此对其进行改革已迫在眉睫。本文首先介绍并分析了土地征收的基本理论,即概念、法理基础和法律特征;然后循着历史发展轨迹对我国土地征收制度进行了考察,总结历史教训,借鉴他人经验,提出现存的主要问题并分析其成因;最后提出了建立我国新型土地征收制度的构想与展望,从土地征收的科学原则、改革的主要措施和具体的运作途径三个方面加以详细阐述。本文的创新之处在于对土地征收的概念进行了深入的剖析,科学界定出土地征收的内涵;在对古今中外征收制度比较对照的基础上,深刻分析了我国目前征地问题的成因;认为我国必须立足国情,革新理念,汲取经验,集体土地使用权自由流转的法制化、严格规范征收权的行使、给予合理的补偿等是改革的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land levy is the strongest means of public law about regulating contradiction between private or collective land proprietary rights and societal public interests, and it has important effect on societal economic life as well as private or collective property rights, and all countries in the world set up legal system of land levy. Because our country carry out socialist public ownership of land, the land levy is a kind of administrative behaviour in China, that is, country compulsorily obtains collective land proprietary rights and give definite compensation for public interests. With establishment and improvement of market-oriented economy in China, the legal system of land levy following planned economy structure has not adapted to the needs of market-oriented economy structure, so it touched off a lot of practical questions and it has to be reformed imminently. Firstly the article introduces and analyses the basic theory of land levy, that includes concept, legal principle base and law characteristic; then I investigate Chinese land levy historically, summarize historical lessons, draw experiences from others, put forward present principal questions and analyse their causes of formation; lastly I advance conceptions and forecasts of Chinese new type of legal system of land levy, and I explain in detail from scientific principle of land levy, reformational principal measures and operation ways. I put forward some new ideas in the article, that is, I go deep into concept of land levy and give a scientific definition;on the base of contrast of ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign land levy, I deeply analyse the causes of formation of present questions; the most important is that I advance concrete reformational measures. I think that we must base ourself upon national conditions, innovate ideas and draw experiences. Legality of free transaction of usage right collective land, strict normal usage the right of land levy and rational compensation are reformational key factors.更多还原