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我国主要城市城市化与人居环境协调发展初步研究

【作者】 张春花

【导师】 李雪铭;

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 , 自然地理学, 2005, 硕士

【摘要】 近几年来,我国的城市化进入加速阶段,城市化带动了工业化和信息化的发展,促进了社会经济的快速发展,但同时,随着城市人口规模的扩大,带来了一系列的问题比如:城市住房紧张、交通堵塞、空气污染严重、生态环境恶化,城市基础设施超负荷运行等,城市居民的人居环境受到严重破环。目前,如何协调城市化和人居环境的发展,促进城市人居环境的可持续发展显得尤为重要。本文就是在这种背景下,对全国主要城市城市化和人居环境的协调发展进行了初步研究。 本文通过我国主要城市在1990—2002 年城市化和人居环境方面的实证资料,分别建立城市化和人居环境的指标体系,运用构建函数关系和因子分析法分别求出城市化进程参数和人居环境综合指数,接着求出主要城市在1990—2002 年间城市化进程参数和人居环境综合指数的平均值,然后利用协调度模型分别求出主要城市在1990-2002 年间城市化和人居环境的协调度,并以此对主要城市进行分类,研究结果表明:90 年代以来,人居环境建设同步于城市化进程有深圳、厦门、成都、银川、呼和浩特这5 个城市,占14.3%,这5 个城市的城市化进程速度与人居环境建设的速度基本吻合;人居环境建设稍超前于城市化进程有济南、青岛、合肥、贵阳、南宁这5 个城市,占14.3%;人居环境建设稍落后于城市化进程有大连、沈阳、太原、兰州、乌鲁木齐、西宁这6 个城市,占17.1%;人居环境建设在90 年代初期落后、中后期稍落后于城市化进程有哈尔滨、石家庄、郑州、南昌、福州、桂林、海口7 个城市,占20%;人居环境建设落后于城市化进程较远有南京、上海、杭州、武汉、长沙、昆明、西安7 个城市占20%;人居环境建设与城市化极不协调有长春、天津、北京、广州、重庆5 个城市,占14.3%。在分类方案的基础上,运用数学模型将各类型的城市化和人居环境关系定量化,建立起简单的数学关系,最后探讨了各类型的城市化和人居环境协调发展对策。

【Abstract】 In recent years, the urbanization of our country has entered the stage of accelerating, the urbanization drove the industrialization and development of the informationization,and the urbanization has promoted the fast development of social economy, but at the same time, with the enlargement of the scale of urban population, a series of issues are caused,which are as follows : The per capita living space in the city reduces, the traffic is stopped up and had a match, the air is seriously polluted, the ecological environment worsens, the infrastructure overloads and runs etc., the urbanite’s living environment receives the serious brokening . At present, how to coordinate the development of urbanization and living environment and promote the sustainable development of the urban living environment seems particularly important. under this kind of background , This text carries on preliminary research to 35 main cities of coordinating development of both urbanization and the living environment.     Mastering the real example materials in urbanization and living environment of 1990-2002 years of 35 main cities, This text sets up the index systems of urbanization and living environment separately, make use of structuring functional relation and analytic approach of the factor to calculate the process parameter of the urbanization and living environment composite index respectively, then ask out the average of process parameter of the urbanization and the average of the living environment composite index within 1990-2002 years of 35 main cities, then utilize one of models of coordinating degree to ask out coordination degree of urbanization and living environment of 35 cities within 1990-2002 years separately, so as to classify 35 cities, The result of studying shows : Since the 1990s, human settlements environmental construction move ahead simultaneously to the urbanization process having Shenzhen , Xiamen , Chengdu , Yinchuan , Huhehot, these 5 cities account for 14. 3%,the speeds of the urbanization process and human settlements environmental construction are identical basically; Human settlements environmental construction superior to urbanization process have Jinan , Qingdao , Hefei , Guiyang , Nanning, these 5 cities account for 14. 3%; Human settlements environmental construction lagging behind urbanization process have Dalian , Shenyang , Taiyuan , Lanzhou , Urumchi ,  Xi’ning, these 6 cities account for 17. 1%; The environmental construction of the human settlements lagging behind in initial stage in the 1990s, middle and later periods slightly lagging behind urbanization process have Harbin , Shijiazhuang , Zhengzhou , Nanchang , Fuzhou , Gui Lin ,Haikou, 7 cities account for 20%; Human settlements environmental construction lag behind urbanization process have Nanjing , Shanghai , Hangzhou , Wuhan , Changsha , Kunming , Xi’an ,7 cities account for 20% far; It has 5 cities in Changchun , Tianjin , Beijing , Guangzhou , Chongqing that environmental construction and urbanization of human settlements are extremely disharmony,these 5 cities account for 14. 3%. On the basis of categorised scheme ,the text use mathematics model to take between urbanization and living environment relation ration of all kinds of, setting up simple mathematics relation, finally the thesis brings forward countermeasures which coordinate the relations of both the urbanization and the living environment for all kinds of.

  • 【分类号】TU984.115;F299.2
  • 【被引频次】20
  • 【下载频次】993
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