【作者】 张吉喜；

【导师】 李浩；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 如果说“非法证据排除规则是刑事证据中的核心”,那么非法供述排除规则可谓是刑事证据核心中的核心。对于非法供述排除规则的理论依据,存在两种观点:任意性说和排除违法说,其中任意性说具体表现为排除虚假说和维护人权说两种学说。英美法系和大陆法系主要国家都有关于非法供述排除规则的规定,但是这些国家非法供述的排除范围却不尽相同,原因在于这些国家非法供述排除规则的理论基础存在差异,其中美国的非法供述排除规则以排除违法说为其理论基础,而英国、德国和日本的非法供述排除规则的理论基础则是以维护人权说为基础的任意性说。任何一项程序规则都应当由实体性规则和程序性规则构成,否则它就是一项不完善的程序规则。一项完善的非法供述排除规则也应当由实体性规则和程序性规则构成。为了保障非法供述排除规则的适用,英美等国都有比较完备的非法证据排除程序。我国最高人民法院和最高人民检察院的相关司法解释确立了我国非法供述排除规则的雏形,这一规则尚存在实体性规则不足和程序性规则缺失两大缺陷。笔者通过对我国法文化背景和社会治安环境的分析,从比较法的角度,提出了应当以任意性说中的维护人权说为理论基础完善我国非法供述排除的实体性规则,并从非法供述排除程序的启动方式、排除非法供述申请的提出阶段及裁判者、非法供述排除程序中的证明以及裁判与救济等方面提出了我国排除非法供述的程序性规则的框架。当然,任何一项制度都不是孤立存在的,任何制度的良好运行都离不开相关配套制度的支持,我国非法供述排除规则的有效适用有赖于讯问全程录音录像制度、讯问时律师在场制度、侦查人员出庭作证制度和量刑折扣制度等制度的建立和完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 If "the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained evidence is the core of criminal evidence ", the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession is the core in the core of the criminal evidence. There are two kinds of views concerning the theoretical foundation about the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession: the theory of voluntariness and the theory of excluding illegality. The former is embodied in the theory of excluding false evidence and the theory of safeguarding human rights. The exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession exists in both the Anglo-American law family and the continental law family, but the ranges of the illegally obtained confession in those countries are different. The reason lies in that they adopt different theoretical foundations concerning the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession. America adopts the theory of excluding illegality, while U.K., Germany and Japan adopts the theory of voluntariness based on the theory of safeguarding human rights. Any procedural rule should consist of substantial rules and procedural rules, otherwise it is an imperfect procedure rule. A perfect exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession should also be formed by substantial rules and procedural rules. In order to ensure applying the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession, countries like U.K and America have complete procedures for excluding illegally obtained evidence. The judicial explanations of the People’s Supreme Court and the People’s SupremeProcuratorate of PRC have established the embryonic form of the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession in our country, which still has substantial and procedural defects. I, by analyzing our national law culture background and social security environments, propose to perfect the substantial exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession on the basis of the theory of safeguarding human rights in terms of comparative law, and also propose the frame of the procedural exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession from the way of starting the procedure of excluding illegally obtained confession, the stage of proposing excluding illegally obtained confession and the referee, the proof in the procedure of excluding illegally obtained confession, the adjudication and appeal etc. Certainly, no system exists in isolation. Every system needs the support of related systems. Effectively applying the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained confession depends on the foundation and perfection of the following systems: video recording of the whole interrogation, lawyer present during interrogation, investigator testifying in court and sentence discounts, etc..更多还原