【作者】 陈金龙；

【导师】 王国敏；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 加强生态环境的保护和建设,是我国西部大开发的基本前提和出发点。调查表明,我国西部地区生态环境受到了比较严重的破坏。为扭转西部环境不断恶化的趋势,国家实施了一系列规模宏大的生态建设工程。从工程实施的情况看,困难很多,西部生态环境保护和建设的前景不乐观。笔者认为,造成这种状况的根本原因在于目前西部地区尚未建立起合理有效的生态建设利益补偿机制,从而形成了保护、建设和破坏、恶化并行发展的格局。尽快建立完备的西部生态建设利益补偿机制,从源头上解决西部大开发中经济建设和生态环境保护的二元对立矛盾,已刻不容缓。然而从理论上看,现有的研究又存在明显的缺陷:一是构建的利益补偿机制不尽完善;二是不能令人信服的说明东中部地区为西部地区生态建设提供补偿的必要性。理论上的不完善,势必导致实践中一些关乎生态建设目标能否实现的重大问题不能得到很好的解决。因此,进一步研究西部地区生态建设利益补偿问题具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文以马克思主义的立场、观点、方法为指导,吸收了西方古典经济学、新制度经济学的相关理论,从建立西部生态建设补偿机制的背景出发,透析出西部地区生态环境破坏的政策因素、制度因素和人口因素等多重原因。运用劳动价值理论,外部性理论,制度变迁理论等论证了建立西部生态建设利益补偿机制的必要性。并针对区际补偿的难题,通过对科斯定理的深入解读,引申出流域发展权理论,提出应依据社会福利最大化、生存权平等、利益平衡等原则确定流域发展权的归属,通过流域内产权交易的方法解决环境的外部性问题。为实现东中部地区对西部地区的生态补偿提供了理论支撑。在此基础上,总结国内外生态补偿的经验和教训,并基于西部地区生态建设的现实情况,构建出更多还原

【Abstract】 Strengthening the protection and constructions of the ecosystem environment is the basic premise and departures of great china west develop. Investigate show the ecosystem environment of western region be more serious broken. For turning round continuously worsen trend of western ecosystem environment, our country carried out a series of great ecosystem construction engineering. Implement of The engineering suggest a lot of difficulties, the ecosystem environmental protection and construction of western region is not optimistic. The writer think that result in the basic reason of this kind of condition lie in currently western region didn’t yet build up the reasonable and valid benefits compensation mechanism , thus form structure of the protection , constructing , destroy and worsen together .Building complete benefits compensation mechanism of Western region ecosystem construction as soon as possible, solving two dollar opposition contradiction in economic construction and the ecosystem environmental protection of western great develop from the source head is already urgent. But in the point of the theory, the existing research has obvious blemish: benefits compensation mechanism which already set up is not perfect in the one hand .in the other hand, the existing research can’t explain the necessity of providing benefits compensation mechanism for western convincingly . Not perfect Theory certainly cause some important problem with which the ecosystem construction target can carry out can’t resolve well in practice. Therefore, further research on benefitscompensate mechanism of Western region ecosystem construction has an important theoretical meaning and realistic meanings.This article with Marxist of position, standpoint, method as guiding, absorbing the related theories of the western classic economics and new Institutional Economics, from the establishment background of compensate mechanism of Western region ecosystem construction, analyzes multi-layer reasons such as, worsen policy factor, the system factor and the population factor etc of western region the ecosystem environment breakage. Making use of labor value theory, the exterior theory, Institutional change theory etc, the article argument necessity of establishment benefits compensate mechanism of china west ecosystem construction and to the difficulties of area compensation, through thorough reading toward Coase Theorem, extending right of valley develop theory, put forward which the right ownership of valley develop should be defined according to social welfare maximizing, equal the right of live, the benefits balance etc and which the exterior problem of the environment should be settled by method of property right bargain. So this thesis offers theory support for realizing ecosystem compensation from china east to the west. On the basis of summarizing the experience of international ecosystem compensation and on the basis of realistic circumstance of western region, this article builds benefits compensation mechanism of ecosystem construction. This compensation mechanism includes compensation principle, object, subject and channel of compensation funds and also many segment with which closely relate. The article also put forward the measure with the compensation mechanism.更多还原