【作者】 陈伟国；

【导师】 彭通湖；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 区域经济学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 外国直接投资是国际资本流动的主要形式之一,它对一国或一地区的经济发展具有重要的作用。自从改革开放以来,中国在利用FDI方面取得了很大的进步,目前已经成为世界最大的FDI东道国,FDI已经成为中国经济增长、社会发展不可缺少的力量,但是FDI在中国各个地区间的分布极不平衡,东部地区实际利用外资额占全国的87%,而中西部地区仅仅为13%。为什么会出现这种状况?哪些因素决定了FDI的区位选择?各地区自身吸引FDI有什么优势,潜力有多大?如何改善投资环境以吸引更多的外资?这些都是本文所要回答的问题。对FDI已有的研究并不少,但主要集中在理论探讨、政策分析等定性研究方面,为了更好地了解和利用FDI,以及更好地制定相关政策,对FDI的实证研究很有必要。 建立在区位理论、外国直接投资理论的基础上,本文搜集并整理了大量统计数据,并设计了一套反映各地区引资潜力的指标体系,应用计量模型、多元回归等方法去检验FDI的区位分布情况,并评价各地区的投资环境。实证结果表明,经济规模、政策优惠、产业结构、开放水平、基础设施、市场化程度都对FDI的地区选择发挥了很大的作用;劳动力成本、城市化水平对FDI有负的作用,而人力资源状况对FDI没有多大的促进作用。在此基础上,我们计算出各地区吸引FDI的业绩指数和潜力指数,从而对各地区的吸引外资的优势和劣势进行综合评价。 本文分为六部分,第一部分简要介绍选题的意义,并回顾已有的研究文献;第二部分对国内外经济学界对外国直接投资理论和外国直接投资区位理论进行综述;第三部分考察了中国FDI区位分布的现状,指出了FDI的区位特征以及其演变趋势;第四部分对影响FDI的区位因素进行分析,并进行实证研究;第五部分对各个地区吸引外资进行潜力分析,并进行比较研究;第六部分是结论和研究展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Foreign Direct Investment is one of the main types of international capital flows and has played an important role in national or regional economic development. Since the beginning of reform, China’s history of absorbing FDI has been more than twenty years, Currently China is the largest recipient of FDI inflow, and FDI has become more and more indispensable in the economic growth and social development. But the geographic distribution of FDI in China is overwhelmingly uneven. The east region has attracted about 87 percent of FDI in China, while the central region and the west region have only attracted 13 percent of FDI. Why does the uneven distribution occur? What factors decide the distribution of FDI? What roles do the institutional factors play in the process of inflow of FDI? Compared with its rivals, what are each region competitive advantages? In order to attract more FDI, how does each province improve its investment climate? These questions addressed above are the main topics of this dissertation. There are a little known researches on FDI in China, but that most of them focus on the analysis from the theoretical and qualitative view. In order to utilize FDI and make the policy on FDI, more quantitative investigations are required in the field of FDI research.Based on the theory of location, the economics of MNEs, The paper collects and processes a great deal of real data for FDI and provides a set of index system, which reflects the ability of attracting FDI of each region, applies location factors analysis, the econometric models and multi-regression analysis to examine the determinants of FDI on geographic distribution, to evaluate the investment environment of each province. This paper empirically studies the determinants of FDI location in China during the period of 1985-2003. There is clear evidence that economic size, government policy, industrial structure, openness, infrastructure andthe level of marketization have played important roles to affect the location of FDI in China. The Effect of Government’s preferential policy has been strong all the time, but the effect has decreased since 1992. After 1992, the effect of openness has decreased; In contrast, the effect of marketization has increased; Labor cost and the level of urban have played negative roles to attract the location of FDI; Human resource hasn’t taken into effect in absorbing FDI. On the basis of the fact, we work out the achievement index and the potential index of the absorbing FDI, Furthermore, we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of attracting FDI of each province.The paper consists of six parts. The first part introduces the background of the topic, and discusses the research of FDI by the economists home and abroad; The second part discusses the economics of MNEs and the theory of location; The third part discusses the total condition of FDI in China, and takes two characteristics of FDI, the remarkable performance and the regional imbalance, as the main purpose of this research; The fourth part discusses the location determinant factors of affecting FDI. The fifth part discusses works out achievement index and potential index on the base of the location factors, compares their advantages and disadvantages each region; The sixth part comes to conclusion and discusses the research prospect.更多还原