【作者】 李红波；

【导师】 段峰；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 隐喻作为一种流行的修辞格,已成为现代生活的一个基本要素并且无处不在。其研究史通常可分为三个阶段:修辞阶段,结构和语义阶段,多学科阶段。到目前为止,已有对隐喻的句法分析,语义分析,认知分析,以及语用分析等。从近几年的研究成果看,隐喻的语用功能愈来愈引起人们的关注。 本文所采用的言语行为方法基于两个要点:第一,言语行为方法强调将隐喻用作一种言语行为;第二,隐喻在交际过程中的交际效果是阐述隐喻的关键,即强调受众对象在特定语境中的反应。 本文旨在研究隐喻的交际效果如何在商业广告中发挥作用以及如何更好地实现之。为此,本文专门提出一种隐喻的四层次分析模型。 该模型具有连续性和非连续性,前者表示每一个言语行为都具有四个层次:表意行为,命题行为,以言行事行为和言效行为,并且人们可以同时实施这四种层次;后者表示以言行事行为或言效行为只有在特定的语境中才能引发受众的反应,其很大程度上取决于文化差别,语境特征(诸如语域,具体语境话题和某一语境中的信息量等),以及人们的知识结构等。 本文重点探讨了以下四个方面内容: 首先,隐喻用作一种言语行为的识别。 其次,对隐喻进行四层次分析,即表意行为,命题行为,以言行事行更多还原

【Abstract】 Metaphor, as a prevailing rhetoric, has already penetrated our daily life as a basic fact of life. The history of the study of metaphor has been generally classified into three stages: the rhetorical stage, the structural and semantic stage, and the multidisciplinary stage. Until now, metaphor has been analyzed syntactically, semantically, cognitively, and pragmatically. Based on the existing achievements of the study of metaphor in recent years, the pragmatic function of metaphor has dramatically drawn our attention.A speech act approach is taken in this paper based on two points: First, the speech act approach in the paper emphasizes that metaphor can be used as a speech act; Second, the communicative effect of metaphor in communication process is the key to interpreting metaphor, emphasizing the responses of the target audiences in a specific context.The aim of this paper is to study how the communicative effect of metaphor takes effect in commercial advertisement and how to realize it.A four-level analyzing model of metaphor has been presented in this paper. The model has its continuity and incontinuity. The former implies that each speech act may have its four levels: the locutionary act, the propositional act, the illocutionary act, and the perlocutionary act, and people can perform all of these four levels at a time. The latter implies that the illocutionary act or perlocutionary act of metaphor can only take effect in particular contexts with corresponding responses from the target audiences. It is largely due to cultural differences, context features such as the field and the topic of a specific context, the quantity of the information in a context, and theknowledge schemata of a human being.The following aspects based on four-level analyzing model of metaphor were discussed:First, the identification of using metaphor as a speech act; second, a four-level analysis of metaphor in commercial advertisement: the analysis of the locutionary act, the propositional act, the illocutionary act, and the perlocutionary act; third, an effect analysis of metaphor in commercial advertisement: the realization of the illocutionary effect and the perlocutionary effect; last, some suggestions for modern English commercial advertisement.With such a speech act approach, the communicative effect of metaphor has been illustrated as an effective way to realize the communicative effect of commercial advertisement. The value lies in that it can offer some suggestions for modern commercial advertisement.Furthermore, such an attempt can be still found in many other communicative processes, whether linguistic or non-linguistic, such as commercial negotiation, teaching, writing, painting, playing, etc.更多还原