【作者】 冯小平；

【导师】 钟安永；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文通过离子交换,将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）插层进入钠基蒙脱土（Na-MMT）片层中,得到有机化的蒙脱土（OMMT）。并利用X射线衍射（XRD）的方法测定了Na-MMT和OMMT的层间距,结果表明,CTAB插层进入蒙脱土的层间,显著增加了蒙脱土的层间距。 用丙烯酸酯单体浸泡OMMT,通过种子乳液聚合的方法,将单体插层进入有机蒙脱土片层中,然后引发原位聚合,制备了不同有机硅和OMMT含量的有机硅—丙烯酸酯共聚物与有机蒙脱土的“核—壳”型插层复合乳液,对乳液及其乳胶膜的性能进行了测试,并与未加OMMT的硅丙乳液及其乳胶膜的性能进行了比较。 用激光散射的方法测定了乳液的粒径大小及其分布,结果显示,蒙脱土的加入,使乳液的粒径减小,当蒙脱土的加入量为1%时,乳液的粒径最小;蒙脱土的加入还使乳液的粒径分布变窄。 用Du No（?）y型表面张力测量仪测定了乳液的表面张力。加入OMMT后,乳液的表面张力减小;乳液的表面张力还随有机硅含量的增加而减小。 在乳液的干燥性能方面,通过电子天平测得含有OMMT的乳液中水的挥发速率比未加OMMT的硅丙乳液提高了10%～15%。 对乳液的粘度测试结果表明,乳液是一种假塑性流体,乳液的表观粘度（η_a）、稠度系数（K）、零剪切粘度（η₀）以及流动活化能（E_a）都随有机硅含量的增大而增大,随蒙脱土含量的增大先增大后又减小,含1%OMMT的纳米复合乳液的粘度及流动活化能最大;乳液的流动指数（n）随有机硅含量的增大而减小,随蒙脱土含量的增大先减小后又增大,含1%OMMT的纳米复合乳液更多还原

【Abstract】 Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was intercalated into between Na-MMT layers via ion exchanging. Organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was prepared via ion exchanging. The distance between MMT and OMMT layers was measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. XRD analysis result showed that the distance between MMT layers was increased via CTAB intercalating. It can be obtained that organic CTAB has been intercalated between MMT layers.OMMT was dipped in acrylate before monomer was polymerized. Poly (silicone-co-acrylate)/ montmorillonite nanocomposite emulsion were prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of acrylate and organosilicone in the presence of OMMT with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt %) and A-151 contents (5,10, and 15 wt %). The emulsion takes on "core-shell" structure.The particle size and the distribution of particle size of the emulsions were measured by laser light scattering. The result obvious showed that the particle size of nanocomposite emulsion was smaller than the non-modified emulsion, and the nanocomposite emulsion containing 1 wt% of OMMT has the smallest particle size. In additional, the particle size distribution of nanocomposite emulsion was narrower.The surface tension was measured using German Du Nouy surface tension equipment. The values of surface tension (25 ℃) of emulsion are enhanced with increase of A-151 content. Again, the surface tension of nanocomposite emulsion was lower in comparison with the non-modified emulsion.The drying speed was measured by weighed the emulsion on microscope slide using an electronic balance. The result showed that the drying speed of the nanocomposite emulsion was faster than that of the non-modified emulsion. Thedrying speed of the nanocomposite emulsion increased 10%~ 15%.The viscosities of emulsion were measured with a NXS-11 rotational viscometer at 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 (±0.1)°C after the solid contents of emulsion were adjusted to equalize using distilled water. It can be seen that the nanocomposite emulsion is pseudoplastic fluid. The viscosities of emulsion and the flow activation energes (Ea) are increased with increasing the content of OMMT and reached the smallest when the content of OMMT was 1%, meanwhile, both of them are directly proportional to the contents of A-151. Pseudoplasticity of the nanocomposite containing 1 wt% OMMT was the most strong.The viscosities of emulsion were measured after emulsions were laid up for three months. The decreased viscosities of nanocomposite emulsions were less than 5%, and that of the non-modified emulsion were larger than 5%. It showed that the stability of nanocomposite emulsions were better.During the film curing, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Torsional Braid Analysis (TBA) was used for the investigation of the structural changes of the curing system. All above results clearly showed that the curing speed for the nanocomposite emulsion was faster about 2d compared with the non-modified emulsion. The curing reaction of emulsion film was accelerated by heated. The result showed that the curing temperatures of nanocomposite emulsion film were lower.In additional, nanocomposite emulsions also have bigger adhesion, bigger tensile strength, and lower material cost.Therefore, OMMT could improve the properties of emulsion and emulsion film, in other words, the properties of nanocomposite emulsion were better in compared with the non-modified silicone-acrylate emulsion. This is more advantageous in practice.更多还原