【作者】 陈传明；

【导师】 张铃；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 交通是城市经济活动的命脉,对城市经济的发展、人民生活水平的提高都起着十分重要的作用。智能交通系统(ITS)作为21世纪交通运输体系的发展方向,受到了世界各国的广泛重视,它是解决现代交通拥挤、有效提高道路利用率的根本出路。 交叉路口是城市交通流的汇集和分流点,交叉路口的红绿灯信号优化配置是城市智能交通系统的重要组成部分。单个交叉口的交通信号控制是交通控制系统的基础,本文提出利用对信号灯控制的数学建模与计算机仿真软件技术相结合的信号灯优化配置方案设计的新方法,将有效地缓解城市交通堵塞。 本文着重研究单个路口的信号灯优化配置,其主要目标是给出交叉口信号灯的优化配置设计方法,提出以最大利用交叉路口的空间和时间为优化目标,从而达到缩短车辆平均延误时间的目的,并提出了一种多相位信号灯优化配置算法——双周期法。在此基础上我们进一步研究了相邻路口信号灯配置的优化算法。并将单路口信号灯配时算法实现,编写成了应用软件。该软件能够根据输入的各条道路上的车流量值和相应的饱和流量值计算出优化的信号灯配时结果。我们还将此配时软件和交叉口微观仿真系统相连接,在仿真过程中,以仿真系统提供的道路流量检测信号作为输入变量,将计算出的配时结果输出给仿真系统,达到了对信号灯配时实时控制的目的。 综上,本文的主要工作包括: 1、单个路口的信号灯优化配置。以道路车辆的历史数据为基础,给出了智能交通的数学模型,计算出信号灯周期与绿信比,提出了用双周期法对单路口信号灯配时进行控制。 2、主路口与相邻四个路口的信号灯整体优化配置设计。对主路口与相邻路口的信号灯相位差进行控制,使相邻路口关键方向车流到达主路口时正好遇到绿灯,从而减少延误时间;同时对各个路口的周期、绿信比进行协调控制。 3、单路口信号灯的动态自适应控制。将配时软件与交通微观仿真系统相连接,对信号灯配时进行实时控制。 除此之外,本文还对城市交通干线控制和区域控制进行了初步研究,介绍了当前线控和面控的一些方法,我们以后还将进一步探索线控和面控的优化算法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traffic is the economic heart of a city. It plays an important role in the development of urban economy and the improvement of the situation of people’s life. As the direction of the 21th century transportation system, Intelligent Traffic System (ITS) is widely researched by the specialists and scholars of many countries in the world, and it is the essential way of eliminating congestion and improving the utilization of roads.Intersection is the position for the traffic flow to influx and distribute. Optimizing the configuration for crossroad traffic lights is one of the most important parts in ITS. Traffic signal control for a single intersection is the base of Urban Traffic Traffic Control System. In this dissertation, we put forward an optimal algorithm based on the combination of the modeling of signal light and the computer simulation technology. And this method will alleviate the congestion effectively.The optimal design for crossroad traffic lights is the emphasis of our research in this dissertation. The primary target is to provide an optimal method for crossroad traffic lights. This dissertation proposes a method by making use of the space and time furthest in order to reduce the average delay-time, and also puts forward an optimal algorithm named double-cycle in multi-phase signal control. On this basis, we study on the optimal algorithm about signal lights of adjoining intersections. Furthermore, we design a software package to implement our algorithm. This software package can calculate an optimal result of signal timings based on the input of the traffic flow and saturated flow of each road. We also connect this software with intersection microcosmic simulation system. During the course of simulation, the input parameter is the detector data of the road, which is provided by the simulation system and the output is the result of timing. Then we implement the real-time control of the signal lights timing.To sum up, the primarily work that we discussed in this dissertation includes:1. The Optimal design for crossroad traffic lights. Based on the historical data of traffic flow, we propose a mathematical model about intelligent traffic, calculate signal light cycle time and split by this model, and put forward the method to control the signal timing of intersection by using the double-cycle method.2. Global optimal design for signal lights at central intersection and four adjoining intersections. By controlling the offsets between the junctions, the vehicles will fall across green time when they arrive at the central intersection. In this way, traffic delay will be reduced. Another work is to control the cycle time and split of each intersection.3. Real-time adaptive traffic signal control for single intersection. We connect timing software with traffic microcosmic simulation system in order to realize real-time control on signal lights.In addition, this dissertation also researches elementarily on urban linear traffic control and area traffic control and it introduces some methods about linear and area traffic control currently. In future, we will also seek for the optimal algorithm about linear and area traffic control.更多还原