商标产品平行进口问题研究

【作者】 张玲；

【导师】 汪金兰；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 商标产品平行进口问题是近年来知识产权法学界讨论的热点问题。长期以来,世界各国和地区就其合法性争论不休,各抒己见,学者间更是歧见纷呈,各国立法也极不一致,在更多的国家甚至根本就没有这方面的明文规定,以至在TRIPS等国际公约中也没有对此做出明文规定。平行进口不单纯是知识产权领域的问题,它还涉及国际贸易和自由竞争等方面的问题。由商标产品的平行进口而引发的法律冲突不仅表现在其是否构成了,而且表现在商标产品平行进口是否因不正当竞争而侵犯了消费者的利益,以及因平行进口而导致的商标所有人和商标使用人之间的权利冲突。因此,对于由平行进口而产生的法律问题的探讨和研究应摆脱知识产权的局限性,从国际贸易规则消费者权益的保护以及反不正当竞争法等更加广阔的领域进行分析和研究,以便提出更为科学合理的法律解决机制。 商标产品平行进口对一国的经济发展有利有弊,同时又受多种因素制约。我国如何趋利避害是本文研究的重点。本文力图通过对一些基本概念基本理论问题作较为深入的探讨,并对商标产品平行进口作法律与经济比较研究,并提出自己的拙见。 具体来说,本文第一部分介绍了商标产品平行进口的基本理论问题,这一部分从商标产品平行进口的概念着手,比较了现今国内外各位学者的定义并指出自己的见解。然后探讨了其特征和主要表现形式,为后面的阐述提供了一个广阔的平台。第二部分从经济学角度探寻商标产品平行进口的成因及其影响,揭示商标产品平行进口的利益冲突。第三部分分析了商标产品平行进口的理论基础,侧重于如何在“权利穷竭原则”与“地域性原则”、“个体利益”和“公共利益”、“贸易自由主义”和“非关税壁垒”之间的冲突做出取舍,尤其指出传统的“权利穷竭原则”与“地域性原则”的理论误区为平行进口奠定理论基础。第四部分对商标产品平行进口的法律规制进行比较,主要考察了美国、欧盟、日本等国在商标产品平行进口问题上的立法和司法实践中不同的做法,以期这些国家和地更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of parallel imports of trademark products is a hot problem in the field of intellectual property. Different countries and regions have different views on whether it’s legal or not for a long time, and scholars also have different opinions on it, countries are also not uniform on legislation. Even TRIPS failed to make its members have identical views. Parallel import is not only concerned with the problem of the field of intellectual property, but also concerned with the aspects such as international trading and free competition. Parallel imports of trademark products cause the legal conflict not only shown in whether it have formed, and shown in whether illegitimate competition have intruded customers’ benefits, as well as cause the right conflict between the trademark owned and the trademark used. Therefore we should get rid of the limitation of intellectual property, for the law that produces by parallel import problem should get rid of the limitation of intellectual property to suggest a more scientific reasonable legal solution from customer’s interests illegitimate competitive law field by analyzing and studying.Parallel imports of trademark products does good at national economy as well as does harm to it with other factors. It is a crucial point of this research to go after profits and avoid disadvantages for our country. This paper tries to put forward my own opinions from the point of law the theories and economic substances.Specifically the first part of this thesis has introduced the theoretical problem of parallel import of trademark products, and this part begins from the concept of parallel import of trademark products, and have compared with the definition of the domestic and international scholars and pointed out my own view, which offered a wide platform. The second part seeks its influence and the cause of parallel import of trademark products from the economy angle and reveals the conflicts of benefit of the parallel import of trademark products. The third part analyzes the theoreticalfoundation of the parallel import of trademark products stressing on how to make choice of the conflicts between "the principle of exhausting right " and "the regional principle’", between "the benefits of individual " and "the benefits of public", between "the trading liberalism " and "the non tariff barrier ", and especially points out the theoretical mistake of" the principle of exhausting right " and" the regional principle "to establish theoretical foundation. The fourth part is compared for the legal rule system of the parallel import of trademark products and mainly investigated the different practice in the legislative and judicatory in USA, European Union and Japan in order to be advantage to our country . The fifth part analyses present situation of the legislative and judicatory of parallel import of trademark products of our country and the arguments of academic circle to point out the dependant passive situation of our law. Combination the world and national present situation the thesis puts forward and proves in detail that our country should adopt "the principle of exhausting right". Under existing legal frame we should establish the law that allows parallel import but have exceptional stipulation in "trademark law ", and establish the legislative conception of corresponding protective program in order to solve benefits balanced problem in the importers, customers and person of trademark rights, and the problem between "the principle of exhausting right " and "’the regional principle", and the problem of parallel import with fair competition.更多还原