【作者】 额尔德木图；

【导师】 敖其；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 民俗学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 《敖包、文化记忆与游牧社会》一文由导论、敖包与游牧时空设置、敖包与社区的建构、民间仪式与文化记忆、结语及参考文献等六部分组成。 第一章使用心理学概念—原型,对遍布于蒙古族及其他民族地区的石碓信仰进行分类,从而提出敖包祭祀风俗是山岩崇拜习俗之延续,敖包乃是与游牧生产方式相匹配的移动祭祀点的观点。并且通过描述社会形态探讨了祭祀外时间的敖包对游牧时空设置的影响。 第二章选一牧业社区—乌兰察布盟四子王旗脑木更苏木为研究区域。在社区边界意义内探讨敖包地理分布及由此而产生的游牧社会组织形式—敖包群体,其活动空间—祭祀圈两概念。并将此种民间组织方式与行政区域划分体系之间进行叠合式研究,在社区史的视野下描述敖包对于社区建构,群体认同及边界意义的积极影响,从而肯定敖包先于边界,且仪式产生于边界,竞技强调边界意义的假设。在个案分析中说明对社区成员的认同过程造就了边界内的边界,跨越空间的祭祀两类认同方式,建立了游牧社会的独特建构模式。 第三章通过确定民间宗教的概念,说明敖包祭祀仪式为基层对上层宗教的地方性吸收方式,是游牧基层群体模仿国家意识,佛教教仪的《社会剧场》。通过对仪式中被扮演的角色分析,在日常生活与仪式两种境界的社会结构中寻找一种变迁的法则。提出后者为前游牧社会之结构记忆。结构的延续可以保持敖包的记忆功效,所以顺着延续过程对敖包的演变概貌进行了基于研究的推测。 针对个案的社区研究,使宏观的视野导向敖包祭祀仪式这一微观的特殊社会行为,构拟了敖包与游牧社会之间的关系,并在这种关系中强调了敖包的作用。正是在社会环境的大背景下加深描述敖包与牧业社区之间的关系,包括最为微妙的联系,点出符号——象征体系的迹象,为将来的破译工作留下思索的空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper, 《Obo、 Cultural Memory and Pastoral Nomadic Society》 , consists of six parts: the introduction 、 Obo and temporal-spatial Arrangement in nomadic society 、 Obo and the construction of community 、 the religion of the common people and cultural memory 、 the concluding remarks and bibliography.In the first chapter, by using the psychological concept original shape . classified the stone mound worship among Mongolian or other nationalities in the world and put forward a hypothesis that Obo worship originated from mountain worship.Obo is suited to life style of pastoral nomads who are highly mobile and largely scattered over large territories.meanwile,with the description of social pattern,argued that the social group also influenced by Obo in non-sacrificial time.In the second chapter, selecting a herdsman’ s community (Nomugan Somu,Durbed Banner in Ulanqab League) and within the community, posed a hypothesis : a local form of organization:Obo group was brought about by Obo and political administrative spacial-system overlap such a centralized and informal organization. In this point of view,set up the character of constructive form of community , including member identity 、 boundary meaning which was emphasized in Obo ritual 、 competition.In the last chaper,from a ritual point argued that Obo ritual is a Social drama" and the group played variable roles in it. However,due to the change of social structure between daily life and the ritual occasion,relationship of pre-nomadic society was memorized by Obo ritual.By employing the perspective of folklore and social Anthropology,author put forward a views on Obo,exploring the characteristics of Obo ’ s social effect for pastoral nomadic society and its particularity at memory function.by way of the case study in real community,try own best to make up a comprehensive,systematic social theory about Obo in Mongolian culture.更多还原