【作者】 郝艳霜；

【导师】 姚军虎；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验通过给泌乳期奶山羊和羔羊分别饲喂含整粒、粗粉、细粉三种不同粉碎粒度玉米的饲粮,研究不同玉米粒度对泌乳山羊生产性能、消化代谢及血液指标的影响,及对羔羊生产性能的影响,探讨奶山羊生产中玉米的最佳加工饲喂方式,指导生产实践。　实验1 玉米粒度对泌乳期奶山羊生产性能、养分消化及血液指标的影响　选择6 头泌乳中期莎能奶山羊,采用2 重复3×3 拉丁方设计,在饲料组成完全相同的基础上,研究整粒、粗粉及细粉玉米对泌乳羊生产性能、养分消化、及血液指标的影响。结果如下:整粒、粗粉、细粉三组试羊干物质的食入量分别为2.71、2.70、2.70kg/d(P>0.05);乳产量分别为3.39、3.31、3.34kg/d(P>0.05);乳中乳脂率含量分别为3.07%、2.99%、3.30%(P>0.05),乳蛋白率为2.42%、2.46%、2.45%(P>0.05),乳糖含量为4.27%、4.26%、4.27%(P>0.05),SNF 含量为7.40%、7.49%、7.39%(P>0.05),固形物含量分别为10.77%、10.84%、10.72%(P>0.05)。血清中葡萄糖和尿素氮的含量分别为1.46、1.48、1.50mmol/L 和5.88、5.83、4.92mmol/L(P>0.05)。表明,玉米粒度对泌乳羊各类饲料的采食量、日粮干物质食入量、乳产量及乳成分含量、奶料比、主要养分的表观消化率、血液指标均无显著影响(P>0.05),但有降低淀粉消化率的趋势(P=0.08)。　实验2 玉米粒度对奶山羊羔羊生长性能的影响　选用24 只30～60 日龄西农莎能奶山羊公羔,采用随机区组试验设计,研究整粒、粗粉及细粉玉米对奶山羊羔羊生长性能的影响。试羊按照体重相近的原则分成8个区组,每区组的三只羊随机接受3 个处理。在精料组成相同的基础上,玉米分别采用整粒、粗粉、细粉三种投喂形式。试验预试期7d,正试期40d。结果如下:整粒玉米较细粉玉米降低奶山羊公羔青贮玉米的采食量(P<0.05),整粒、粗粉玉米较细粉提高精料的采食量(P<0.05),但苜蓿干草采食量及日粮总DMI 不受玉米粉碎粒度的影响(P>0.05)。整粒、粗粉、细粉三组羔羊的平均日增重和饲料转化率分别为82.34、78.75、74.38g/d和4.31:1、4.51:1、4、44:1(P>0.05)。粗粉组可显著提高羔羊的体高、体长的增长(P<0.05),整粒、粗粉组较细粉可显著提高管围的增长(P<0.05)。表明,整粒或粗粉不影响羔羊日粮总DMI、日增重和饲料转化率,显著提高羔羊体尺指标的增长,可用整粒或粗粉玉米代替细粉培育羔羊。更多还原

【Abstract】 Whole shelled corn, coarsely cracked corn and deeply cracked corn in concentrate was given to determine the effects on mid-lactation Sannen goats’productive performance, the total tract apparent digestibilities of nutrients and serum biochemical traits, and on lambs’growth performance. The purpose of this study was to choose the best feeding way of corn to dairy goats. Trial 1: Effects of different particle sizes of corn on mid-lactation Sannen goats’productive performance, the total tract apparent digestibilities of nutrients and serum biochemical traits Six mid-lactation Sannen goats were used to find the effects of different particle sizes of corn on productive performance, nutrient digestibilities and serum biochemical traits. The trial was designed in a 2 repeat 3×3 Latin square and three trial groups had same diets except the particle sizes of corn. three particle sizes of corn, whole corn, coarsely cracked corn(average dia. 2.57mm) and deeply cracked corn (average dia. 0.85mm) , were fed randomly to the three groups in the trial. The results showed that for three trial goat groups, whole corn, coarsely cracked corn and deeply cracked corn, DMI were respectively 2.71, 2.70 and 2.70 kg/d(P>0.05); milk yield were respectively 3.39,3.31 and 3.34kg/d(P>0.05); Ratio of milk fat were respectively 3.07%,2.99% and 3.30%(P>0.05) ; Ratio of milk protein were respectively 2.42%,2.46% and 2.45%(P>0.05); Ratio of milk sugar were respectively 4.27%,4.26% and 4.27%(P>0.05); Contents of SNF were respectively 7.40%,7.49% and 7.39%(P>0.05); Dry matter of milk were respectively 10.77%,10.84% and 10.72%(P>0.05). And the contents of glucose and urea nitrogen in serum were respectively 1.46, 1.48, 1.50mmol/l (P>0.05)and 5.88, 5.83, 4.92mmol/(lP>0.05). All indicated that the treatments did not significantly affect diets intake, DMI, milk yield , composition percentages of milk, ratio of milk production to feedstuff, the total tract apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, energy, CP, NDF and ADF, the fecal moisture percentage, and the indices of blood(P>0.05). But it had the trend of reducing starch digestibilities(P=0.08). The trial shows that lactating goats can be feeded with whole corn or coarsely cracked corn instead of deeply processed corn. Trial 2: Effects of different particle sizes of corn on growth performance of lambs 24 45～60 day-old lambs of Sannen goats were used to study the effects on growth performance of whole corn, coarsely cracked corn and deeply cracked corn. Lambs were randomly divide into 8 groups which near in weight and three goats a group. Concentrate compositions of Each group were same and just corn were fed respectively whole corn, coarsely cracked corn and deeply cracked corn. The preliminary trial was 7 days and the formal trial last 40 days. The results showed that compared to deeply cracked corn, whole corn significantly decreased silage corn intake of lambs(P<0.05), and whole corn and coarsely cracked corn increased Concentrate intake(P<0.05). But the intake of alfalfa hay and total DMI had no significant effects(P>0.05). ADG and DMI/ADG of three groups, whole corn, coarsely cracked corn and deeply cracked corn, were respectively 82.34, 78.75, 74.38g/d and 4.31:1, 4.51:1, 4.44:1(P>0.05 ). Coarsely cracked corn could significantly increase body height and body length of lambs(P<0.05). The trial showed that whole corn and coarsely cracked corn had no significant effects on total DMI, ADG and DMI/ADG of lambs, while they significantly increase body indices. It is feasible to replace deeply cracked corn with whole corn and coarsely cracked corn.更多还原