【作者】 徐智斌；

【导师】 井金学；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 植物病理学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 小麦条锈病是世界范围内小麦上最重要的病害之一。国内外研究和生产实践证明,种植抗锈良种是控制该病害最经济、有效、易行和对环境安全的核心措施,但一个抗病良种推广后总逃不脱抗病基因失效的厄运,形成抗病品种的兴衰循环。针对这一世界难题,许多小麦条锈病工作者提出了增加小麦抗源多样性,丰富小麦抗条锈病基因,寻找高品位抗病基因保持小麦品种抗病持久性等以使小麦病害系统稳定,延长抗病品种使用寿命的各种战略。但利用栽培小麦品种内抗条锈基因的抗病作用很有限,因此许多研究者已把注意力集中到利用外源基因解决这一难题上来。对抗病种质资源抗条锈性遗传机制的研究是对其合理利用的理论基础。本研究系统的分析了5 个普通小麦-华山新麦草和8个生产上已推广使用和即将推广使用的含有中4血缘关系的品系的抗条锈性及其抗条锈性遗传机制。取得以下结果:　　1、.采用我国目前小麦条锈菌流行小种CY29,CY30,CY31,CY32,Su4,Su14　对5个普通小麦-华山新麦草易位系H9020-1-6-8-3,H9020-17-5,H2155,H9020-20-12-1-8,　H9020-17-3-5-6-4 及亲本华山新麦草,7182,8 个中4 的衍生系(88375,88303,91250,中梁22,93444,93445,93447-15-26-6,9116-2-5-1-6)进行接种鉴定。结果表明:5个普通小麦-华山新麦草易位系的抗条锈基因均来自华山新麦草,8 个衍生系对CY32的抗病基因可能来自中4。　2、通过对5个普通小麦-华山新麦草易位系对11个小麦条锈菌菌系的抗病谱比较,并结合其抗条锈遗传分析结果,初步确定5 个易位系中的抗条锈基因不尽相同。　3、对5 个普通小麦-华山新麦草易位系的抗条锈性分析结果表明　1)H9020-1-6-8-3 对CY29、CY30、CY31 的抗病性由一对显性基因控制。　2)H9020-17-5 对CY30,CY31,CY32,Su4 的抗病性由一对显性基因控制。　3)H2155 对CY30,CY31 的抗病性均由两对基因控制,且均为互补作用。　4)　H9020-20-12-1-8 对CY30 的抗病性由一显一隐的两对基因共同控制。对CY31的抗病性表现为两对显性基因独立遗传。对CY32 的抗性由一对对显性基因控制。　5)H9020-17-3-5-6-4 对CY30 表现为3 对显性基因共同作用(两对互补,一对独立更多还原

【Abstract】 Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,is one of the most serious diseases of wheat in the worldwide,and planting resistant cultivars is the most effective and economical methods to control this disease.But one cultivar “loses”its resistance in several years because of resistant gene single and overcomed easyly by pathogen.So,for controlling stripe rust,identifying new resistance genes is an important method.The stripe rust resistance and genetic mechinism of 5 translocation lines from common wheat/Ptathyrostachys huashangica keng and 8 variaties derived from Zhong4 were studied in this resesrch.the results as follow: 1 The result indicated that the stripe rust resistance genes of 5 translocation lines came from Ptathyrostachys huashangica keng,the resistance genes to CY32 of 8 variaties maybe come from Zhong4 through inoculating 9020-1-6-8-3,H9020-17-5,H2155,H9020-20-12-1-8, H9020-17-3-5-6-4, 7182,88375,88303,91250,ZhongLiang22,93444,93445,93447-15-26-6,9116-2-5-1-6 with stripe rust races CY29,CY30,CY31,CY32,Su4,Su14. 2 The genetic analysis showed the stripe rust resistance genes of 5 tranlocation lines were different after seedling infection test of 5 translocation lines with 11 stripe rust races. 3 The stripe rust resistance analysis showed: (1) resistance of H9020-1-6-8-3 to CY29,CY30,CY31 were controlled by single dominant gene, respectively. (2) resistance of H9020-17-5 to CY30,CY31,CY32,Su4 were controlled by single dominant gene, respectively. (3) resistance of H2155 to CY30 , CY31 were both controlled by two complementary genes. (4) resistance of H9020-20-12-1-8 to CY31 was controlled by two independent dominant gene. the resistance to CY30 was controlled by a dominant gene and a recessive gene. the resistance to CY32 was controlled by single dominant gene. (5) resistance of H9020-17-3-5-6-4 to CY30 was controlled by three dominant genes. the resistance to CY31,CY32,Su4 were controlled by single dominant gene, respectively. 4 The genetic analysis of 2 variatied of Zhong4 showed:the resistance of 88375 to CY31 was controlled by a dominant genes;the resistance of ZhongLiang22 to CY31 was controlled by two genes,one belonging to nuclear inherience,one belonging to cytoplasmic inherience. To determine the chromosomic location of the gene,material of monosomic Chinese spring was applied,the result showed that this gene was located on chromosom 5B.更多还原