【作者】 韩新辉；

【导师】 杨改河； 李全武；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 生态学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 区域可持续发展引发的一个很重要的挑战就是城镇体系布局的规划。为了保证区域产业发展所依赖的环境基础,为了减轻和缓和城镇发展所带来的社会、经济发展对环境的负面影响,为了使区域发展的经济效益最大化和负面效应的最小化,最有效的干涉方式就是城镇体系自身空间组织合理及其空间布局的优化。　城镇体系空间布局状态一方面直观地反映了城镇经济客体在空间中相互作用所形成的空间集聚程度和状态以及城镇经济活动的空间属性,另一方面反映了生态环境条件的客观性。在任何地域空间、任何发展阶段,城镇腹地、经济和生态环境三者总是处于相互关联、相互制约的客观规律中。城镇体系布局作为城镇体系发展状态的一种表现形式,其形成、演变和发展机制与所处区域的自然环境、资源禀赋、经济条件、社会文化等因素息息相关。因此,只有系统研究城镇体系与生态、经济的关系,才能制定出可持续发展的城镇体系发展模式,进而维护生态系统的平衡和资源的有序利用,改变现有的生态环境对区域经济发展的制约。基于这一理论本研究以我国西部地区区域发展战略为背景,结合生态与经济发展的相关理论对我国西部地区城镇布局战略和空间组织模式进行了分析研究,并得出以下结论:　首先,区域城镇空间布局结构是区域宏观背景下的复合系统。集中体现了在特定的社会生产力发展水平下,区域内的各个城镇之间以及城镇与环境之间相互作用、相互联系所形成的城镇地理空间分布形式、集聚规模和集聚状态,具有一定空间结构和空间功能,受制于社会、经济和自然三大要素。　第二,区域布局遵从经济的地域梯度渗透规律,亦即城镇体系的布局按增长极城镇--边缘城市带--农村腹地呈同心圆作梯度分布,而不同梯度下的城镇经济呈现从高经济压向低经济压的渗透趋势。　第三,对西部地区城镇体系布局进行形成演化及发展趋势的分析表明,西部地区城镇体系布局形态的形成主要受区域自然环境的制约,自然环境为区域城镇群的形成和发展提供了物质基础和背景条件,从总体上制约着区域城镇群体的性质和空间结构。与此同时,所形成的城镇体系布局形态又反过来影响城镇所在的生态环境。　第四,城市化水平是构成区域城镇空间结构的基础和前提。西部地区人地矛盾尖锐化的态势形成了有限的耕地对农村人口的强大推动力,促使非农产业转移需求的日益膨胀,从而构成了西部地区城镇化发展空间扩大的主要动力机制。因此着力于这一发展特征来规划城镇经济发展空间,可有效引导区域城镇体系空间结构的形成和完善,弱化城镇化的负效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of the most important problems derived from the region sustainable development is that how to program the urban system’s layout. In order to assure the environmental basis of regional development, alleviate the negative influence to the environment, maximize the economic benefits and minimize the negative effects, the most effective means is the urban system’s rationalization and the optimization of its dimensional layout. The urban system’s dimensional layout reflects the objectivity of the ecological environment conditions as well as the dimensional centralization formed by the interaction among different urban economic objects and the dimensional characters of the economic activities. Economy, ecology and the society are always interrelated and interacted, regardless of the developing stage and the places, that’s virtually an objective regularity. As a representation of the urban system’s development, the urban system’s layout is seriously related with the various regional factors, such as the natural environment, the resources, the economic conditions and the social culture as well. Thus only through the thoroughly study on the relations of the urban system, the ecology and the economy can we conceive a sustainable mode in developing the urban system, maintain the balance of the ecology system and the reasonable exploitation of natural resources, change the present conditions that the economic development is severely restricted by the ecology environment. Based on the region development strategy in the western parts of China, also combined the related theories of economics and ecology, this dissertation studied the strategy of urban layout and the dimensional structure in the western parts of China and drew the conclusions as follows: 1. Urban dimensional layout structures in a given region, which reflected the urban system’s distribution and centralization formed by the interaction of different urban regions and environments, was a multiple system. It had a series of certain dimensional structures and functions, meanwhile it was restricted by the society, economy and the nature. 2. As the same as the economy’s grads distribution regularity, regional urban system distributed as a circle, from developing town to the rural areas, so did the urban economy. 3. In the western parts of China, natural environment influenced the urban system layout seriously by providing the substantial basis and the background conditions. Also the latter made changes on the former. 4. Urbanization level was the precondition and basis of designing the urban system structure. The rural population were impelled to the urban areas because of the conflict that there were not enough farmland to cultivate. Based on this developing character, the urban system layout could effectively direct the urbanization’s improvement and weaken the negative influence. 5. Analysis in western areas indicated that urban dimensional structure was not in harmony with the environment, which needed to be optimized and integrated urgently. This article provided the constructive basis for the ecological layout of urban system by dividing the western parts of China into seven geographical zones and different economic regions. 6. The distribution project of ecological development and urban development in western areas were instituted by building the ecological matrix of urban system’s distribution which was named the Four-stratum theoretical mode of economic fountain. 7. The guarantee mechanism of the ecological distribution project in the western urban regions was established.更多还原