【作者】 徐丽萍；

【导师】 杨改河； 李全武；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 生态学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 进入新世纪,我国国民经济将开始全面建设小康社会并向实现现代化的目标迈进。加快城镇化进程,必将有力地促进我国城乡和区域经济的协调发展。而实现我国地区经济协调发展的关键在于提高西部的城镇化水平。西部城镇化的难点,不在于西安、兰州、成都这样的大城市,而在于西部广大的农村地区。发展小城镇,可以吸收农村剩余劳动力,开拓西部市场,扩大内需,是加快西部城镇化进程的现实选择。西部小城镇建设是一项复杂的系统工程,牵涉的方面很多,分析其生态、人文、社会背景,在制定小城镇的发展战略、布局规划、协调“自然·人·经济”的关系等方面具有重要的现实意义。　本论文从研究范围的确定入手,总结了国内外有关城镇建设的实践经验和理论研究动态。在此基础上,分别对西部城镇建设的生态、人文、社会背景进行了分析,主要的研究成果如下:　　　　　生态背景研究方面,在西部宏观生态格局和微观省区背景分析的基础上,对影响西部小城镇建设的主要生态环境因素进行了分类,分为优势因素(新区位条件,能源、矿产、生物资源,旅游资源)和限制因素(水资源,地质地貌,土地资源、气候条件);分析了西部城镇建设的区域生态背景基础,认为西部城镇生存的区域整体生态背景较差,环境背景较好,整体抗逆水平很差,并进一步得出城镇发展的区域生态背景条件,即生态环境整体脆弱,城镇发展的基础差;自然资源开发潜力大,但开发难度大。最后,建议鼓励适宜发展城镇的地区为青藏高原区、四川盆地、云贵高原区、黄土高原区和新疆地区。　　　　　人文背景方面,再现了西部城镇发展的历史轨迹,从文化、宗教、民俗等方面剖析了西部城镇的人文底蕴,并从文化景观、民族聚落分区和旅游区特色等方面概述了西部的人文景观,认为西部城镇建设所处的整体人文环境较为闭塞,区域人文资源极大丰富。　　　　　社会背景方面,从城镇所处的时代背景和政策体制环境出发,对城镇建设的经济背景进行了分析,认为西部小城镇建设的资金筹措存在瓶颈,经济实力不高,市场体系不够完善,基础设施条件差,劳动者素质低下,区域创新能力较弱。　最后在生态、人文、社会背景分析的基础上,找出了城镇和生态、人文、社会背景的相互关系以及它们的整合关系,对西部小城镇的发展进行了分类,提出未来发展的模式选择及其原则。最后对西部小城镇人文化发展的趋势、生态化发展的动向和社会化发展的目标进行了透视。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the new century comes, our nation has commenced to build a fully harmonious society and realizing the elementary modernization is our main target. The acceleration of the urbanization course will certainly promote the harmonious development in both the rural areas and the urban areas, the key point if which is the improvement of the urbanization level and the problem is rested in the vast rural areas rather than the big cities such as Xi’an, Lanzhou and Chengdu as well. Developing little cities and towns can absorb the surplus labors in rural areas, exploit the potential market and enlarge the nation’s consumptive requirement, so it’s a realistic choice to accelerate the urbanization course. Involved with various factors, the town construction in the western part of China is an extremely systematical project, and the analysis of it’s ecological, humanistic and social backgrounds has great significance in establishing the developing strategy and the layouts as well as in harmonizing the relations among nature, humans and the ecology. Began with ascertaining the research scope, the study summarized the correlative theories and practical experiences about town construction of both internal and external, and consequently analyzed the ecological, humanistic and social backgrounds. The main conclusions are as follows: For the ecological background, the study classified the environmental factors that mainly influenced the town construction in the western part of china into advantages (the new regional situations; the energy resources, the mine resources, the biology resources and the tour resources) and disadvantages (the water resources, the physiognomy, the land resources and weather conditions) based on the analysis of macroscopical ecology pattern and microcosmic province background. Through the analysis of regional ecology conditions, the conclusions were drawn that the regional ecology conditions were not satisfactory and the total resistance in this region was not very good although there were not so much pollutions. Furthermore, the regional ecology conditions were described: there was a bad basis for the town construction because the total environment conditions were feeble, and it was very difficult to exploit the natural resources although the potential was huge. At last, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the Sichuan Basin, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Loess Plateau and Xinjing province were suggested to be encouraged to develop little cities and towns. For the humanistic background, the study revealed the history of the town development, analyzed the humanistic background of western towns from the culture, the religion and the folk-custom as well, also described the humanistic landscope from the cultural landscope, the national areas and the tour characteristic, the conclusion were that the whole humanistic environment in the western part of China was somewhat closed while the humanistic resources were very abundant. For the social background, started with the times background and the system environment, the study analyzed the economic background of town construction and the conclusions were drawn that there were difficulties in funds collecting, the market system was not perfect, the basal establishment conditions were not good and there was a low labor diathesis and the regional innovation ability was not strong. Based on the background analysis of ecology, humanity and society, the study found out the integral relations of the town system and its ecological, humanistic and social background as well as the interrelations among them, classified the town development in west China and brought forward the patterns and principles of its future development. At last, to the whole town system in west china, a clairvoyance to the tendency of its cultural development, the direction of its ecological development and the target of its socialized development was carried out.更多还原