【作者】 邰晓曦；

【导师】 陈明清；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 应用化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先通过链转移自由基聚合和端基置换反应合成了苯乙烯单封端的聚N-乙烯基乙酰胺(PNVA)亲水性大分子单体,并以此亲水性大分子单体为反应性分散稳定剂,使之与苯乙烯在乙醇/水的混合介质中进行分散共聚反应,制备得到了核为聚苯乙烯,壳为亲水性PNVA大分子链的PNVA接枝聚苯乙烯(PNVA-g-PSt)聚合物微球。用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、红外光谱仪(IR)、核磁共振仪(NMR)等对大分子单体的分子量、分子量分布、分子结构和末端双键含量进行了测定;用动态激光光散射(DLS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对所得聚合物微球的动力学直径及其形态进行了表征。研究表明:PNVA大分子单体浓度、苯乙烯单体浓度、引发剂浓度和聚合温度对聚合物微球的粒径有较大的影响,而溶剂组成对聚合物微球的形态有明显的影响。将聚N-乙烯基乙酰胺接枝聚苯乙烯(PNVA-g-PSt)核壳结构聚合物微球在酸性条件下水解,得到了聚乙烯胺接枝聚苯乙烯(PVAm-g-PSt)核壳结构聚合物微球,利用微球表面的聚乙烯胺链上的胺基与功能化合物羧基偶氮安替比林缩合,制备出了功能化的聚乙烯胺接枝聚苯乙烯(PVAm-g-PSt)聚合物微球。进而利用原子吸收分光光度计,考察了该功能化聚合物微球吸附重金属离子Cr3+和Pb2+的能力及吸附影响因素;研究了功能化聚合物微球的吸附动力学;探讨了该功能化聚合物微球对重金属离子的吸附机理;通过调节溶液的pH值发现,吸附饱和的功能化聚合物微球能够解吸附,从而达到了功能化聚合物微球再分散和重复利用的目的,可以作为一种新型的重金属吸附剂使用。同样采用链转移自由基聚合和端基置换反应的方法,初步合成了聚醋酸乙烯酯大分子单体,将其直接水解来制备亲水性的聚乙烯醇大分子单体,并使聚醋酸乙烯酯大分子单体与苯乙烯进行分散共聚反应,制备出了聚醋酸乙烯酯接枝聚苯乙烯(PVAc-g-PSt)聚合物微球,将此微球水解可以制备得到表面为聚乙烯醇链的聚乙烯醇接枝聚苯乙烯(PVA-g-PSt)聚合物微球。由于该微球表面带有亲水链,可望在生物、药物负载与缓释领域有潜在的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) macromonomer with one vinylbenzyl end group wassynthesized by free radical polymerisation in the presence 2-mercaptethanol and end cappingreaction. The poly(N-vinylacetamide) grafted polystyrene (PNVA-g-PSt) core-corona particleswere prepared by dispersion copolymerization of PNVA macromonomer with styrene inethanol/water mixed solvents. The properties of macromonomer, such as molecular weight,molecular weight distribution and content of vinyl group in polymer end were characterizedby using Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Infrared Spectra (IR), and nuclear magneticresonance (1H-NMR). The morphologies and sizes of the PNVA-g-PSt particles were testedby Dynamic Laser Lighter Scatter (DLS) and Transmission Electronic Microscope (TEM). Itwas found that the reaction parameters such as PNVA macromonomer’s concentration[PNVA], styrene’s concentration [St], initiator’s concentration [I], and polymerizationtemperature could affect the final diameter of the PNVA-g-PSt particles. The solventcomposition also can influence the morphology of the PNVA-g-PSt particles. If reactionconditions were changed, the particle size of the PNVA-g-PSt can be controlled in sub-micronrange. Poly(vinylamine) grafted polystyrene polymeric particles were gotten by hydrolysis frompoly(N-vinylacetamide) grafted polystyrene core-shell particles. After condensation withcarboxylantipyrylazo, the particles were bearing functional group on the surfaces of particles.The chromium ion and plumbum ion solutions were prepared. Using Atom AdsorptionChromatography, The adsorption mechanism, adsorption kinetic equation, pH changes andother factors influence of functional polymeric microspheres for Cr3+ and Pb2+ were studied.Through adjusting pH of two heavy mental ion solutions, the functional polymeric particlescan be de-adsorbed. The re-dispersion and de-adsorption properties of functional polymericparticles indicated these particles could be a new heavy mental ions adsorbent. Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) macromononer was synthesized by above similar methods.Through hydrolyzing poly(vinyl acetate) macromononer, the hydrophilic macromononer ofpoly (vinyl alcohol) macromononer should be prepared. Poly(vinyl acetate) graftedpolystyrene core-shell particles were synthesized by dispersion copolymerization of styrenewith PVAc macromonomer. Through hydrolyzing poly(vinyl acetate) grafted polystyrenecore-shell particles, the poly (vinyl alcohol) grafted polystyrene core-shell particles can besynthesized and poly (vinyl alcohol) branches were successfully led to surfaces of theparticles. These particles with hydrophilic polymeric branches may be used in biomaterialengineering, drug transportation and relief fields.更多还原