【作者】 李梅；

【导师】 毕阳；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 果树学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 厚皮甜瓜是我省的主要特产作物,但采后腐烂颇为严重,其中部分致腐病原物会在生长期间进入果实体内形成潜伏侵染,从而造成了采后防腐的困难。本研究采用100mg/L BTH 或50mg/LHarpin 两种诱抗剂,分别在开花前一周、幼果期、果实膨大期和网纹形成期对“银帝”甜瓜植株和果实进行1、2、3 和4 次喷雾处理。结果表明: 1.BTH 和Harpin 可以明显降低果实生长发育期间潜伏侵染的真菌带菌率。随着处理次数的增加,潜伏侵染率逐渐降低,其中以4 次药物处理效果最好。BTH 和Harpin处理者的潜伏侵染率分别为对照的23.53%和25%。2. BTH 或Harpin 处理对果实体内的两种优势潜伏病原菌的控制效果存在差异,对Alternaria alternata 的控制效果优于Fusarium sp.。3. BTH 或Harpin 处理对同一果实不同部位的潜伏侵染控制效果也表现不同,两种药物4 次处理对果实顶部的控制效果最好。4.BTH 或Harpin 均能诱导果实体内过氧化物酶(POD)和几丁质酶(CHT)的活性增高。成熟期经BTH 或Harpin4 次处理的POD 活性分别高于对照的2.81 和3.08 倍,CHT 活性分别高于对照的2.96 和3.93 倍。虽然BTH 或Harpin 处理对POD 同工酶的谱带数影响不大,但可提高部分谱带的活性。5.BTH 或Harpin 处理可提高果实体内预合成抗菌物质及总酚的含量。薄层层析结合生物活性鉴定结果显示,果皮中的预合成抗菌物质随诱抗处理次数的增加而增加。6.经BTH 和Harpin 处理的果实表皮细胞间隙中填充了大量的木质素,细胞排列更为紧密。皮层细胞中有大量木质素、木栓质以及胼胝质的积累。更多还原

【Abstract】 Muskmelon is one of important special products in Gansu. However, postharvest decay is serious. Some pathogens infect young fruit as latent infection during growth and development, which courses a difficulty of control decay. BTH at 100mg/L or Harpin at 50mg/L was sprayed 4 times to melons (cv. Yindi) in the field. The spray time was at 1 week before flowering, young fruit period, fruit enlarging period, and netting period. The results indicated as below: 1. The latent infection rate of fruit was reduced significantly with BTH and Harpin treatment. The latent infection rate decreased with increasing of spraying times. The four times of spraying showed the best effective control. The latent infection rate of BTH or Harpin was 23.53% and 25% compared with the control. 2. There was a difference between latent infection rate of A. alternate and Fusarium sp. after treatment with elicitors. BTH or Harpin had better control on A. alternate. 3. There was also a difference on latent infection rate of different part of fruits after treatment with elicitors. BTH or Harpin had the most effective control for the latent infection rate of fruit top. 4. BTH or Harpin. Treatment increased POD and CHT activities of fruit. POD activity was higher 1.81 and 2.08 times than the control after 4 times spraying with BTH or Harpin at fruit ripening period. CHT activity was higher 1.96 and 2.93 times. There was no difference on the bands of POD isoenzyme, however, activities of some bands were enhanced. 5. The preformed antifungal compounds and phenolic compounds were increased in fruit after treatment with BTH or Harpin. By using ethanol-dichlormethane and column-chromatography, the results showed: the kinds and content of preformed antifungal compounds were increased with increasing of spraying times after TLC and bioassay identification. 6. Tissues of cortex showed more tightness. Ligni, spile and callose accumulated significantly in cells of cortex after treatment with BTH or Harpin.更多还原