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木制品材料声发射特性研究
Research on Acoustic Emission Characteristic of Wooden Material
【作者】 徐慧;
【导师】 刘云飞;
【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 , 木材科学与技术, 2005, 硕士
【摘要】 声发射(Acoustic Emission,简称AE)是指材料或结构在承受外部载荷的状态下产生损伤甚至断裂时,释放出应变能,并以应力波形式向外传播的现象,声发射技术是利用相关仪器检测声发射信号,根据信号推断材料或结构内部声发射源的位置及其产生机理的实验技术。 围绕木质材料的声发射特性,本文开展了以下几方面研究工作: 应用压电传感器、前置放大器及通用采集卡等设备建立了一套实验室用声发射测试系统;应用声发射技术测试了刨花板三点弯曲过程中的声发射特征。测试发现刨花板在加载弯曲过程中,声发射特性曲线较好地反映刨花板的力学性能,由AE 振铃计数-位移曲线可求得弹性极限点及破坏点位置,因而可作为检测材料力学性能的补充手段;应用声发射技术进一步测试了不同密度试件在拉伸过程中的声发射特性,测试结果表明不同密度,不同裂纹试件声发射特性具有一定的规律:试件的临界载荷与裂纹长度的平方根之积为一常数等;采用三种方法测试木材及木制品中的声速,发现断铅试验不适合声速测量;应用虚拟软件Labview 编写了声发射信号应用程序,对刨花板声发射信号进行特征参数测试、频谱分析,构成了一套测试兼分析声发射信号的虚拟仪器;应用三传感器对刨花板声源线性定位,通过改进测试方法,得到了较好的定位精度;应用小波分析手段分析了木材中声发射信号,克服了传统傅立叶变换的缺点,成功地获取了淹没在噪声中的声发射信号。
【Abstract】 Acoustic emission (AE) refers to the phenomenon that strain energy emits and radiates outward in waves when the material or the structure is damaged or broken under exterior load, AE technology is an experimental technology by using the measurement instruments to detect the AE signals,to locate the AE source of the material or the structure and to deduce its mechanism. On the research of AE technology on detecting the defects in wooden products, this dissertation mainly focuses in the following aspects: Establishing a set of AE laboratory system by use of piezoelectric sensors, pre- amplifiers,general A/D sampling card etc,Testing the AE characteristic of particle-board during the three- point bending experiment by utilizing AE technology. It is found when particle-board is loaded to be bent, the AE characteristic curvel reflects particle-board mechanical performance well, AE counts-displacement curve can shows the utmost elasticity point and the damage one, Hence it can be introduced as a supplementary measure to test the materials’ mechanical performance. AE technology is further utilized to test the AE character of the different density samples during straining. It is found that the AE characterictic follow the certain rules for different density and cracks,that is the product of the utmost load and the square root of crack length is a constant,Using three different ways to test the sound velocity propagation in wood and wooden material, It is found lead broken measurement is not fit for testing sound velocity .Develop AE signal application programs with virtue Labview software to test the AE characteristic parameter and to analyse the AE frequence characteristic which consititutes a set of virtue instruments to test and analyse, Using three sensors to monitor the linear of signal source, and a satisfactory precision is acquired by improving the testing methods, Using Wavelet analysis method to study,AE signals of the particle-board and to overcome the defect of traditional Fourier Translate, Finally the AE signals is successfully obtained from the strong background noise.
- 【网络出版投稿人】 南京林业大学 【网络出版年期】2006年 03期
- 【分类号】S781
- 【被引频次】16
- 【下载频次】359