【作者】 王波；

【导师】 王家传；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来形成的农村公共产品供给制度已不能适应新形势下农业及农村经济全面协调发展的要求,成为农村经济社会发展的瓶颈和障碍。研究农村公共产品供给,创新农村公共产品供给制度,对于改善农村公共产品的有效供给,妥善解决三农问题,统筹山东城乡经济、社会发展,加快农村小康社会建设具有重要的理论及现实意义。 本论文从微观经济学、公共财政学、制度经济学、公共管理学的多维视角,采用实证分析、规范分析、案例分析等研究方法,以山东省为例,对农村公共产品的供给制度进行了研究,以期设计出适合农业和农村经济全面、可持续发展的新型农村公共产品供给制度,为相关部门决策提供理论依据和政策选择。 本文的主要研究内容和结论如下: (一)农村公共产品供给的基本理论研究。农村公共产品在消费上具有的非竞争性和非排他性特点导致市场失灵、外部性的存在,降低了资源配置效率。政府应该在矫正市场失灵方面发挥作用,提供公共产品。政府可以强制性地解决公共产品收益与成本不一致问题,节约交易费用和组织成本。但从效率和公平的角度分析,政府不可能提供所有的公共产品,因而合理界定政府提供公共产品的范围十分重要。 (二)现行农村公共产品供给制度研究。我国农村公共产品供给制度变迁可以划分为三个阶段:人民公社时期的供给制度、税费改革前的供给制度和税费改革后的供给制度。该部分研究了现行农村公共产品供给制度的基本特征,指出长期以来存在的“重工轻农”的二元结构,是造成农村公共产品制度外供给长期存在的根源。最后研究了现行农村公共产品供给制度对“三农”发展的不利影响,指出改革农村公共产品供给制度对统筹更多还原

【Abstract】 Existing rural public goods supply institution has become the bottleneck and obstacle of rural social-economic development. Under the new situation, studying of rural public goods supply institution has great significance in improving of rural public goods supply, solving the rural economy development effectively, accelerating the construction of rural well-to-do society.This thesis will make a study on rural public goods supply institution from the multidimensional visual angle of microeconomics, public finance and institution economics, taking Shandong province as an example. To put forward the new-type rural public goods supply institution is the key goal of this thesis.The following are the main points of the thesis:1. Study on basic theory of rural public goods supply. The non-rival and non-excludable property of consumption of rural public goods leads to market failure. The externality of rural public goods reduces the efficiency of resource allocation. The government should play an important role in correcting market failure by supplying public goods. But the government can not supply all public goods from the view of equity and efficiency. It is very important to define the scope of public goods supplied by the government.2. Study on existing supply institution of rural public goods. The change of the supply institution of rural public goods can be divided into three stages in China: the institution in the people’s commune period, the institution before taxation system reformation and the institution after taxation systemreformation. The sector analyzes the basic characteristics of existing supply institution, pointing out that dual-structure developing strategy is the source of the shortage of rural public goods for a long time. And the impact to the development of agriculture and countryside of rural public goods shortage is also be discussed in the passage.3.Positive study on rural public goods supply in Shandong province. Taking Shandong as an example, this sector analyzes the general supply condition and its reason, and make a study on the progress and impact on rural public good supply of rural taxation system reformation in Shandong. The taxation system reformation has no more progress in defining the supply duty of public goods than ever. It will possibly aggravating the supply condition of rural public goods. And the construction of rural medical, compulsory education and infrastructure are also be discussed.4. Supply institution innovation of rural public goods under new condition. The key to improving the supply of rural public goods is to innovate the supply institution. To reach this goal, the following should be done: breaking out the dual-structure and setting up the integrating supply system of city and countryside, innovating the fund-raising mechanism, changing the mechanism of decision of rural public goods supply, defining the duty of government, setting up effectively supervision mechanism, and perfecting the public financial system.更多还原