【作者】 王军；

【导师】 徐坤； 张志佳；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 1998年以来,对杨扇舟蛾、杨小舟蛾、杨雪毒蛾、桑天牛等害虫的危害情况、生活史习性、生物学特性、发生规律、药物防治进行了调查和试验研究。主要结果如下: 1 杨树主要食叶害虫及桑天牛的生物学特性及危害情况 1.1 杨扇舟蛾 1年发生4代。以蛹越冬,以2、3代幼虫危害严重。成虫翌年3月底开始出现。在滨州从1991年开始危害,但发生面积较小,未蔓延成灾,2000年开始,危害程度和发生面积都有所增加。 1.2 杨小舟蛾 在滨州市1年发生3代,个别年份发生4代,以蛹越冬。 1、2、3代幼虫均危害严重。在2000年开始发生,危害严重。 1.3 杨雪毒蛾 在滨州市1年发生2代,以2、3龄幼虫做茧越冬。翌年4月份开始活动,5月下旬6月初化蛹。从2002年开始发生。由于越冬代幼虫开始危害时取食量大,造成突发性危害。 1.4 桑天牛 在滨州多数(约占70%)3年1代,少数(约占30%)两年1代。以幼虫在虫道内越冬。随着该市桑园面积逐年增大,桑天牛寄主植物增多,发生程度呈逐年加重趋势。 2 害虫的监测及预报 2.1 杨扇舟蛾的监测预报 按照灰色系统分析方法,建立了杨扇舟蛾的预更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1998, lots of work has been done in researching endangering , history of life , biology characteristics , occurring disciplinarian , medication control on Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius) , Micromelalopha troglodyta(Graeser), Stilpnotia Candida Staudinger, Apriona germari . The main results were as follows:1 Biological characteristics and harm circumstances of main defoliator and mulberry longicoru on poplars1.1 Clostera anachoreta The insect occurred 4 generations in one year and wintered by pupae,with its 2nd and 3rd generational larva endangereing seriously. The adult emerged in the end of March. It was found endangering in 1991 and occurring at small areas, but expanding since 2000 in Binzhou.1.2 Micromelalopha troglodyta The insect occurred 3 or 4 generations in one year and wintered by pupae, with its 1st, 2nd and 3 rd generational larva endangering seriously. It was found occurring in 2000 and endangering seriously.1.3 Stilpnotia Candida The insect occurred 2 generations in one year and wintered by cocoon of the 2nd or 3rd larval. It was found occurring in April of the next year and pupating in the end of May or the early of June . It has been occurring since 2000. The big appetite of the over-wintered larva caused paroxysmal harm.1.4 Apriona germari About 70 percents Apriona germari occurred 1 generation every 3 years in Binzhou, and others every 2 years. With the gradual expansion of mulberry areas, the number of host plant increased, the level of occurring trend to be heavier year by year2 Monitor and prediction of the pests2.1 According to gray systematic analytic methods, the prediction model GM(1,1) of Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius) was established: X(l)= 838536.88725EXP[0.0007(t-l)]-837469.8725. The relevancy between the forecast value and accumulated value was: R=0.68538808.The maximum of the residual was 409.9814.The minimum of the residual was minus 457.2114.2.2 Monitor and prediction of the Apriona germari The population development of Apriona germari adult was monitored using 2 or 3-year betel as bait tree. When the population density on 5-year, 8-year and 11-yearp poplar came to 0.750 per tree,0.080 per tree and 0.024 per tree respectively in Binzhou, which means the economic harm degree, pesticide prevention was required; While more than 1 insect pest per tree on 2 to 3-year popla, the same work must be done.3 Prevention technology of the defoliator3.1 Effectiveness on Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius) by spraying pesticide onto the crown The results showed that, when 1 percent avamectin (6000times,8000 times), was used to spray the crown of the tree Avame. Death rate is 100%, 93.1 % respectively.3.2 Effectiveness on Micromelalophatroglodyta(Graeser) by injecting pesticide into the truck The results showed that the most effective methods to prevent the larva was to inject 3 times imidacloprid into the truck.3.3 Effectiveness on Stilpnotia Candida Staudinger by daubing the trunks with the loop of pesticides The mixtures of Avamectin and luboil at the rate of 1:20 was the best, which is suitable to be extended widely.4 Prevention technology to the Apriona germari on the poplar4.1 Balance of effectiveness of different pesticides The death rate of the adult Apriona germari dealt with pesticides is 11.3 times to the natural death rate.40 percent omethoate and 40 percent Imidan the effect to the adult is very good, but the time of effecting is short. While 8 percent microcapsule Cypermethrin and 16 percent ChongxianqingEC can maintain its effectiveness about 40 days, the effectiveness of killing the pests.4.2 The effect for the number of oviposition of the adult The number of fluting in the treated trees was less than the comparison trees, and the number of the oviposition was decreased greatly. And The number of fluting in the trees treated with the 8 percent Cypermethrin was evidently less than the other treatments.更多还原