【作者】 沈雄伟；

【导师】 薛进展；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法学院 ， 刑法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 1997 年刑法修改后,明确规定了单位可以作为犯罪的主体,使我国刑法完成了从个人一元主体到个人与单位二元主体的刑法嬗变。但刑法中的刑罚制度却没有实现同步地变迁,对单位犯罪中的单位能否适用自首制度没有予以明确地规定,从而产生了单位犯罪中的单位能否适用、如何适用自首的困难。　本文则意在从我国现行的刑法立法和理论出发,努力解决犯罪单位能否适用自首、如何适用自首及自首后如何处罚等一系列相关的问题,以便为我国的刑法理论更新和刑法立法进步作出微薄的贡献。　本文共分成三个部分,总计3 万余字,其中注释3 千余字。　文章的第一章则旨在阐明犯罪单位可以适用自首制度的依据。作者首先介绍、分析了目前刑法理论界对单位自首制度的理论纷争,然后详细阐述了确立单位自首制度的理论依据、法律依据和现实依据。　在第二章中,作者主要讨论单位自首的构成要件。考虑到单位自首制度兼具单位犯罪制度和自首制度的特点,作者将单位自首的构成要件划分成形式要件和实质要件。形式要件即指单位构成自首时本身所应具备的要件,实质要件是指单位自首与一般自然人自首须同样具备的构成要件。同时,文章还讨论了单位自首构成中的某些特殊问题。　第三章将焦点放在单位自首后的处罚问题上。作者将单位自首的处罚分成犯罪单位本身的处罚与犯罪单位中自然人的处罚,然后分别探讨了处罚中可能存在的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Criminal Law of PRC revised in1997 expressly stipulates that a legal entity is one of subjects of crime, thus makes the criminal law of China evolve from one-subject to two-subject of natural person and legal person. Disappointingly, the penalty system of the criminal law is not advanced accordingly, which do not expressly set down whether the provisions about surrender is applicable to a legal entity or not, so there arises some issues about the applicability and application approaches of the surrender provisions to a legal entity. This article is committed to discuss and solve the applicability, application approaches and penalty of a legal entity’s surrender based on current criminal statutes and legal theories, so as to make some petty contributions for the renovation and progress of legal theory and legislation of criminal law in China. This article is constituted of three parts and in over 30,000 characters, of which are about 3,000 characters in footnotes. In the Chapter One, it is to clarify the rationale why the surrender provisions are applicable to a legal entity. It firstly makes an introduction and analysis on the dispute over the surrender provisions of a legal entity in present criminal law researching circles, and then expands on the theoretic, legal and practical basis of establishing the surrender rules for a legal entity. In the Chapter Two, it mainly explores the elements for determining the voluntary surrender of a legal entity. With the consideration that the surrender rules for a legal entity both have the characteristics of the criminalization rules and surrender rules for natural person, it classifies the determining elements into formal elements and material elements. The formal element means the element required by a legal entity itself to determine its surrender, and the material element means the element required in all general surrender cases including the surrender of natural persons. Furthermore, it discusses some special situations in the determination of surrender of a legal entity. In the Chapter Three, it moves the focus to the penalty for a legal entity when it voluntarily surrenders. The penalty for a legal entity is classifies into the penalty for the legal entity itself and the penalty for its members who committed criminal offence for the benefits of the legal entity.更多还原