【作者】 孙丽娜；

【导师】 于广建；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 土壤盐渍化是影响作物生长的一个重要问题,如何解决土壤盐渍化问题已成为国际上和生物科学技术迫切需要解决的重大课题,设施栽培的特点是采用人工措施改变局部的生态环境,对提高蔬菜的产量和品质起着重要的作用,但是由于栽培、水肥管理的不科学,土壤盐分表积现象严重,发生保护地次生盐渍化,给生产造成了很大的影响。本试验在前人对水杨酸生物作用研究基础上,模拟盐渍化土壤中盐分胁迫状况,通过不同时期、不同浓度的水杨酸对盐分胁迫下的黄瓜生长发育、产量形成、生化物质代谢以及叶片根系超微结构影响的研究,为建立新的抗盐调控方法提供理论依据。本试验得出以下结论: 1.不同浓度的水杨酸均能提高盐分胁迫下黄瓜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽整齐度、发芽指数和活力指数并缩短发芽时间。水杨酸的最适浓度是2mM,但水杨酸浓度过高缓解效果不明显。同时,不同浓度的水杨酸能使盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗的株高茎粗不同程度的增加,以两片真叶展平时施用2mM 水杨酸缓解效果最佳。2. 水杨酸处理可明显提高盐胁迫下黄瓜叶片内叶绿素总量、POD 活性及Na+ /K+,降低叶片相对电导率及膜透性伤害率,以在两片真叶展平施用2mM 水杨酸缓解效果最好,当水杨酸浓度上升到4mM 时对盐害缓解效果不明显甚至产生毒害。水杨酸处理可明显提高盐胁迫下黄瓜的根系活力降低丙二醛含量,以在一片真叶展平时施用1mMSA 缓解效果好。3. 施用不同浓度的水杨酸均可提高盐胁迫下黄瓜的产量,以在两片真叶展平时施用2mM水杨酸产量增加最多。4. 水杨酸处理后相对提高了叶绿体数和淀粉粒数,使黄瓜叶片细胞体积增大,栅栏细胞排列更加整齐、紧密。同时减轻了盐分对黄瓜叶片、根系细胞的危害。综合所有试验数值可见,在一至两片真叶展平时施用1、2mM 水杨酸处理对盐胁迫的缓解效果较佳,实际生产中应尽量在较小叶龄时施用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil salinization is an important factor that can affect crop growth.How to settle soil salinization has become a significant problem,which is not only international,but also wrgency in biological technology. The teait of agritechnology is adopting man-made measure to alter pary environment,which will greatly improve the yield and quality of vegetable .But because it,s not very scientific of culture ,water and fertilizer ,the phenomenon of salinity accumulation is so apparent .The it causes soil salinization of sheltered farmland,which severely affects the production. On the basis of the research on the biology effect of salicylic acid,the experiment simulates salinity of soil salinization,try to study the effect of use different consistence salicylic acid in the different period growth and development,production,metabolism as well as the membranes system and the ultrastructure of cucumber.Try to supply the theory evidence of agritechnology for the salicylic acid the alleviation salt resistance,Now it concludes: Firstly,The different consistence of salicylic acid can improve the germination rate、germination force、germination index、vigor index and reduce the germination time of cucumber seed under salt stress.The adopt consistence is 2mM,but when the consistence of salicylic acid raise too high the effect of relieve is not obvious。At the same time,salicylic acid also can improve the plant height and stem diameter of cucumber seedlings and the adpot consistence is 2mM. Second,salicylic acid can obviously improve the chorophyll content in leaves of cucumber seedlings、Na+ /K+ and the activity of POD,reduce relative conductance rate and injury rate in leaves of cucumber seedlings under salt stress.When use 2mM salicylic acid in two pieces of euphylla unfold the relieve effect is best,but when the when the consistence of salicylic acid raise to 4mM the relieve effect is not obvious even harm to cucumber seedlings. At the same time,salicylic acid also can improve the root activity and decline the content of MDA in leaves of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. The best relieve effect is use 1mM salicylic acid when two pieces of euphylla unfold. Third,Different consistence of salicylic acid can improve the production of cucumber under salt stress. The best relieve effect is use 2mM salicylic acid when two pieces of euphyllavs unfold. Forth,The treament of salicylic acid can relatively improve the number and size of chloroplast and starch grainin leaves of cucumber seedlings under salt stress and the area of cucumber leaves. The arrangement of palisade tissue is more orderly and close so improve the rate and ability of photosynthesis and relieve the harm to the leaves and root of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. It is concerned that use 1、2mM salicylic acid when one or two piece of euphylla the relieve effect is best.we should use SA in lesser age of leaves.更多还原