【作者】 王淑梅；

【导师】 王安；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验选用35 日龄体重相近的金定母鸭108 只,在笼养条件下随机分为6 个处理,每个处理3 个重复,每个重复6 只鸭,试验7 周。在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中分别添加0mg/kg、30mg/kg、60mg/kg、90mg/kg、120mg/kg、1000mg/kg 水平的硫酸锰,组成6 种不同饲料。目的是研究饲粮中不同锰水平对笼养蛋鸭育成期生产性能、血液生化指标、血清MnSOD 活力、组织MnSOD 活力和组织矿物元素浓度的影响。饲养试验结果表明:饲粮中添加硫酸锰对蛋鸭日增重、采食量和饲料转化率无显著影响(p>0.05),但补锰90mg/kg 组平均日增重和饲料转化率最高;补锰90mg/kg 组采食量最低。从饲养试验分析得出蛋鸭育成期适宜补锰水平为90mg/kg,过高或过低的补锰水平均不能最佳发挥蛋鸭育成期生产性能。血清和组织含锰的超氧化物歧化酶(MnSOD)的活性试验结果表明:补锰对育成期蛋鸭血清、肝脏MnSOD 活性的影响显著(p<0.05),且随着锰添加水平的升高血清和肝脏MnSOD 的活性均先升高后降低。不添加锰组血清、心脏和肝脏的MnSOD 的活性都最低,而补锰120mg/kg组有提高血清和肝脏MnSOD 的活性。补锰不影响育成期蛋鸭心脏MnSOD 活性(p>0.05),但随着锰添加水平的升高心脏MnSOD 的活性有升高趋势。从血清和组织MnSOD 的活性试验分析蛋鸭育成期适宜的补锰水平为90～120mg/kg。采血试验结果表明:随着饲粮锰水平的升高淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性升高,血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇含量升高,尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸和甘油三酯降低,补锰不影响血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性的变化。屠宰试验结果表明:饲粮不同锰水平对蛋鸭胫骨、肝脏和胰腺锰沉积的影响差异显著(p<0.05),且随着饲粮锰水平的升高锰的沉积量增加。饲粮不同锰水平对心脏、肾脏锰沉积的影响差异不显著(p>0.05),但有随着饲粮锰水平的升高锰的沉积量增加的趋势。不加锰组胫骨Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca 和P 的沉积量均较低。补锰1000mg/kg 组胫骨Fe、Mg 和P 的沉积量均最低。胫骨Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca 和P 的沉积量随补锰水平的升高先升高后降低,补锰90～120mg/kg组Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca 和P 的沉积量达最高水平。饲粮中添加硫酸锰,心脏、肝脏、肾脏和胰腺矿物元素沉积量增加,但补锰1000mg/kg 组又显著降低组织矿物元素的沉积,补锰90mg/kg组促进矿物元素在组织内的沉积。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the experiment, 108 Jinding ducks (35 days) were assigned to six groups randomly with three replicates of six ducks per group by close weight under the cage-rearing, The test lasted seven weeks. Each groups was fed the diet with adscititious manganese contents of 0mg/kg, 30mg/kg, 60mg/kg, 90mg/kg, 120mg/kg and 1000mg/kg respectively. The experiment was conducted to study the product performance, the utilized of nutrient substance, serum biochemical index and the effect of element mineral density on tissue by different levels of sulfate manganese in the diet. The results of rearing experiment showed that the level of manganese had no significant effect on weight added, feed conversion rate and ADG(p>0.05). In the trials, the group 90mg/kg had the highest day weight gain and feed conversion rate of all groups and had the lowest ADG of all groups. We concluded from rearing experiment that manganese level as 90 mg/kg was just right, manganese levels that higher or lower than 90 mg/kg all can’t show the best produces performance the function of ducks. The activity of MnSOD in tissue and serum indicated that the activity of MnSOD in serum and liver had an increased direction(p<0.05), and with the increase of manganese, the activity of MnSOD in serum and liver all ascend at first and descend in the end. The activity of MnSOD in serum, liver and heart were the lowest in manganese level as 0 mg/kg, and manganese level as 120 mg/kg were just right. there was no significant change in heart MnSOD(p>0.05)with the level of manganese in diets, but there was a trend to improve with the additive of the manganese. We concluded from the measure trail of activity of MnSOD in serum and tissue that the level of manganese in diets as 90~120 mg/kg was just right. The measure trail of serum biochemical indexes indicated that the serum AMY, ALP, GLU and CHOL were increased, and BUN, CRE, URIC, TG were decreased with the level of manganese in diets.There was no significant change on the serum TP, ALB, BIB, AST and ALT with the level of manganese in diets. The result of slaughter showed that there was significant effect on manganese sediment in tibia, liver and pancreas with the level of manganese in diets(p<0.05), and there was a trend to improve with the additive of the manganese. There was no significant effect on manganese sediment in heart and kidney with the level of manganese in diet(sp>0.05), but there was a trend to improve with the additive of the manganese. The sediment of zinc、iron、magnesium、calcium and phosphor in tibia ascended at first, and then descended, and the sediment of zinc, iron, magnesium, calcium and phosphor in tibia were highest on manganese level as 120 mg/kg.The sediment of mineral chemical elements in Heart, kidney, liver and pancreas increase with the level of manganese in diets, but increased on manganese level as 1000 mg/kg .The sediment of mineral chemical elements were highest on manganese level as 90 mg/kg.更多还原