【作者】 孙中新；

【导师】 刘应亮；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 无机化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 TiO₂因其光稳定性好、无毒而受到广大科研工作者的青睐,但是它具有较大的禁带宽度,必须使用紫外光才能提高其催化活性,从而使其推广应用受到限制。因此,研制和开发具有高活性的TiO₂光催化剂是十分重要的。 本论文中,我们通过水热法和溶剂热法合成了一系列具有高活性的TiO₂光催化剂,具体在以下几个方面取得了一定的成果: 用水热法在低温下制备了高活性的棒状TiO₂光催化剂,研究了温度、盐酸加入量等因素对TiO₂的形貌、晶型的影响。光催化试验表明,利用本试验方法所制得的锐钛矿型TiO₂在紫外光照射下具有较好的光催化活性而金红石型则在氙灯照射下具有较高的活性。 以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,甲苯为溶剂,利用溶剂热法合成了具有高比表面积的TiO₂光催化剂。利用XRD、TEM、FT-IR表征了TiO₂的粒径、晶型、及颗粒的形态。最后,还利用粒度分析仪测定了其比表面积。光催化试验表明,这种TiO₂的光催化活性可以和商品化的P25相比。 利用水剂热法合成了H₃TiO₃纳米管,然后在400℃下加热4h就会得到TiO₂纳米管。探究了反应温度、时间、NaOH的浓度等因素对TiO₂形貌、比表面积的影响。试验表明,TiO₂能有效地光催化降解有机染料。 以TiO₂纳米管为前驱体,制备了氮掺杂的、锐钛矿结构的TiO_2-xN_x,初步研究了氮掺杂的量与TiO_2-xN_x对可见光吸收的关系。试验表明,TiO_2-xN_x在可见光照射下可以较好的降解有机染料。具有优良的可见光活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 TiO2 was believed to be important photocatalyst for its good optical stability and no toxicity. But it did not facilitate to widespread due to deficiencies such as large band gap and weak photocatalytic activity. So it was important to research and develop the high activity photocatalyst.In this paper, we synthesized the high activity nanometer TiO2 through hydrothermal / solvothermal reaction. The main results were as following:Titania nanocrystals were prepared by a hydrothermal process in liquid media, the crystallization of amorphous precursor could proceed at low temperature around room temperature. The phase composition, microstructure, morphology, and specific surface area of titania changed significantly depending on there precipitation temperatures. Well-crystallized Rod-like nanosize rutile crystals possessed higher photocatalytic activities than those of anatase crystals radiation with mercury lamp.A solvothermal synthetic method to TiO2 nanoparticles has been investigated in toluene solutions with Tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. X-ray diffraction and tranmission electron microscopy shows that the product has uniform anatase structure with average particle size below 20 nm. The specific surface area of the TiO2 nanocrystalline powder was also investigated using BET surface area analyzer.The synthesis of tubular H3TiO3 was carried out through a soft chemical hydrothermal reaction of TiO2 powders in NaOH aqueous solutions systems. The TiO2 nanotubes can be obtained by calcining H3TiO3 at 400℃. The photocatllytic activity of nanotubular TiO2 was evaluated in a decomposition test of organic dye at 298K in an aqueous system using radiation with mercury lamp.Nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanotubes were synthesized by a wet process. The nanotubes have an anatase crystal structure with nitrogen atoms substituted into oxygen sites of TiO2. These nanotubes exhibited photocatalytic oxidation activity of organic dye into water and carbon dioxide when illuminating with visible light.更多还原