基于GIS的公路网综合评价技术研究

【作者】 朱强；

【导师】 王复明； 周振红；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 岩土工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 公路交通设施是国家经济建设和国防建设的基础设施,也是衡量国家发展水平的一个重要标志。我国“十五”发展规划制定了重点建设“五纵七横”12条干线国道的宏伟目标,给公路网的规划提出了很高的要求,需要采取先进的技术方法进行科学规划和综合评价,以加快公路网的建设步伐。 本文从公路网评价的实际出发,综合考虑公路网的结构性能、使用功能和路网规模,依据科学性、可测性和可比性等原则,建立了由高速公路总里程、公路网综合密度等八个指标组成的评价指标体系,构建了以模糊综合评价模型为基础的公路网综合评价模型;将地理信息系统技术应用到公路网评价中,解决了路网本身的空间数据结构复杂、不易管理和表达的问题;运用面向对象技术,开发了基于GIS的公路网评价系统,并将公路网综合评价模型嵌入其中,应用该系统对某区域干线公路网进行了尝试性评价,并对相关统计资料进行了分析,取得了良好的效果;该系统集评价、管理功能于一体,实现了公路网评价、管理的可视化,提高了公路网评价和管理的灵活性和直观性;同时,该系统实用性强,操作简单,扩展性好,具有一定的应用价值和应用前景。 全文内容由六章组成。第1章,绪论。介绍了论文的研究背景、目标、内容及方法;第2章,公路网综合评价内容与方法。详细阐述了公路网评价的意义、工作流程、评价指标体系的建立以及各种综合评价方法;第3章,基于GIS的公路网评价方法。将地理信息系统引入公路网评价中,建立了以模糊综合评价模型为基础的公路网综合评价模型;第4章,基于GIS的公路网评价系统设计。包括系统结构设计、模块划分、数据组成、界面设计和评价模型嵌入设计等;第5章,基于GIS的公路网评价系统的实现及应用。介绍了该系统实现的具体功能以及评价应用实例;第6章,结论与展望。 公路网综合评价是进行区域公路网规划的重要组成部分,它所提供的信息对辅助决策有重要作用。GIS技术具有强大的空间分析和辅助决策功能,二者的有机结合必将推动公路网评价的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The communication facilities of highway are the fundamental facility of the economic and national defense work, and it is also one important sign of one country’s developing standard. The big goal of building "five vertical and seven oriental" main national highway is put forward in our "10~th five" national plan. It advances a higher requirement for highway network planning. We should adopt advanced technique and methods to do planning and comprehensive evaluation scientifically, so to mend the pace of highway network construction.In this paper, an indicator system of highway network comprehensive evaluation is set up, considering the different aspects of highway function, and composed of eight indicators such as total length of expressway, density of highway network and so on. Then an evaluating model based on fuzzy comprehensive assessment is built to do comprehensive evaluation of highway network. While the structure of highway spatial data is complex and difficult to express, Geographic Information System (GIS) is introduced into the evaluation of highway network. Afterwards, an evaluating system of highway network based on GIS is developed with the use of object-oriented technique and the evaluating model embedded into it. Accordingly, an evaluation on the arterial network of certain area is done in practice. This system integrates the evaluating and managing function, it realizes the visualization of the evaluation and management of highway, and enhances the flexibility and immediacy. Also, it is easy to control and update, possessing some value and potential of application.This paper consists of six chapters. The first chapter is introduction. It introduces the background, goals, content and methods of this paper. The second one describes the content and methods of the comprehensive evaluation on highway network. In the third chapter, GIS is introduced into the evaluation, and the comprehensive evaluation model is built. The forth one is the designing of an evaluating system of highway network based on GIS. In the fifth chapter, the function of the system and its application is discussed in detail. The last chapter goes to the conclusion and expectation.The comprehensive evaluation of highway network planning is an important approach of the highway planning in some area. It also plays an important role in decision-making with the generated information. Moreover, GIS boasts its spatialanalysis and assistant decision-making function. It must propel the development of highway network only if the evaluation and GIS are combined closely.更多还原