六面顶压机关键零部件的结构优化设计

【作者】 梁颖；

【导师】 秦东晨；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题以有限元法作为结构分析手段,建立了金刚石六面项压机的关键零部件——铰链梁的有限元力学模型和结构优化设计模型,通过IGES数据交换标准把现有的有限元分析系统ANSYS和实体建模系统Pro/E有效集成,并采用敏度分析技术,在考虑疲劳强度的条件下,完成了铰链梁的结构优化设计,为金刚石六面顶压机关键零部件的设计提供了一套较为完整的设计方法和设计系统。同时,通过对实体建模软件Pro/E和有限元分析软件ANSYS的分析和研究,针对铰链梁的具体情况和特点,采用IGES数据交换标准,实现了实体建模软件Pro/E和有限元分析软件ANSYS之间的有效数据交换,形成了一个较为有效、完整的铰链梁CAD/CAE集成设计系统,为CAD/CAE/CAM系统集成的研究提供了一个有益的尝试。 首先建立了铰链梁的结构优化设计数学模型和有限元力学模型。通过对铰链梁结构特点和受力情况的分析,以铰链梁重量为目标,选择其主要的7个结构尺寸为设计变量(缸体的内外壁直径、凸耳的厚度、缸体的深度等),在满足铰链梁静强度、刚度、边界约束,特别是疲劳强度的条件下,建立了基于疲劳强度的铰链梁结构优化设计数学模型。同时,选择四面体二次等参单元对铰链梁进行了网格划分,依据《弹性力学》的厚壁圆筒理论对铰链梁进行了载荷分析和计算,建立了铰链梁的有限元力学模型。通过在ANSYS中的分析计算,得到了铰链梁结点的位移和应力数据,校验了铰链梁结构在工况下的变形、应力分布和应力集中,所得到的结果数据证明与实际情况相符合。 在研究分析参数化特征建模技术理论的基础上,建立了铰链梁结构的特征组成和特征父子关系,在Pro/E中创建了基于特征的铰链梁三维实体模型。 利用ANSYS的APDL参数化语言,编制了铰链梁的结构优化设计程序ODPST,创建了铰链梁的优化分析文件和优化控制文件,采用零阶优化方法进行了铰链梁的结构优化设计,得到了精确可靠的设计参数,有效地提高了铰链梁的抗疲劳性能和强度。在优化设计中采用敏度分析技术,提高了优化迭代的效率。整个优化过程实现了全参数操作,便于设计的反复修改。 本课题为新型金刚石六面顶压机的研制提供了一种精确、可靠的设计方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 By the means of the structural analysis, the dissertation sets up the key part of the diamond six-faces presser — the hinge sleeve’s finite element model and the structural optimal design model. ANSYS (finite element software) and Pro/E (3D entity modeling software) are integrated effectively by the IGES data interchange standard. Taking into account of the fatigue intensity, the structural optimal design of the hinge sleeve has been finished by the sensitivity analysis technology. A comparatively complete design method and system could be afforded for the key part of the diamond six-face presser. At the same time, through the analysis to Pro/E, ANSYS and the characteristic of the hinge sleeve, the dissertation realizes a data interchange between Pro/E and ANSYS in the IGES standard. The efficient integrated CAD/CAE system of the hinge sleeve is made out. It is a beneficial trial for the research of CAD/CAE/CAM system integration.First of all, the structural optimal design model and finite element model of the hinge sleeve are set up. Taking the weight of the hinge sleeve as the objective function, choosing seven main physical dimensions as the design variables (internal and external diameter of cylinder wall, thickness of the lug, depth of the cylinder, etc.), the structural optimal design model has been obtained on the condition of the intensity, rigidity, border constrains, especially fatigue intensity. Meanwhile, the tetrahedron element is used to mesh the finite element model. The load is analyzed and calculated by the theory of heavy wall cylinder. Finally, the finite element model of the hinge sleeve is established. Through the analysis and calculation in ANSYS, the node displacement and stress are given out. The result presents the hinge sleeve’s distortion and stress distribution. The data is testified to be in accord with the actual one.On the basis of researching and analysing feature modeling theory, the feature group and Parent/Child relation are studied and the 3D entity model of the hinge sleeve .based on feature is established in Pro/E.Using the APDL language of ANSYS, the structural optimal design program-ODPST is programmed. The analysis file and optimization file are made out. Taking the CO (0-step) method, the accurate and reliable design parameter can be obtained. This improves the fatigue intensity of the hinge sleeve effectively. In the optimization process, the sensitivity analysis technology is used to improve calculation efficiency. Because this model is constructed by the whole parameterization design, it is easy to be modified repeatedly.The dissertation offers a kind of the accurate and reliable design method for the research and development of the new diamond six-faces presser.更多还原