论行政公益诉讼

【作者】 胡军；

【导师】 苗连营；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 法律， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 世界是一个共生共存的整体,损害了公众的利益,也就是损害了每个人自身的利益。通过提起行政公益诉讼,要求法院追究被告的违法责任,既保护了社会公众的利益,同时也实现了对自身权益的维护。这种做法不仅昭示了人们权利意识的加强,而且冲击了社会上普通存在的麻木不仁的思想,既是一种见义勇为的正义之举,也是社会进步的显著标志。面对超前发展的实践,应当改革不合时宜的法律,有效发挥司法功能,要尽快畅通公民个人或其他社会组织为维护公共利益而起诉的渠道,降低行政公益诉讼的门槛。 近年来,公益诉讼成了司法实务和理论讨论的热点问题。在古罗马时代就有公益诉讼的说法。而针对国家公权力机关的违法行为、不作为对公共利益造成侵害或有侵害之虞时,法律允许无直接利害关系人为了维护公共利益而向法院提起行政诉讼的制度则是笔者界定的行政公益诉讼。美国作为现代公益诉讼制度的创始国已形成完备的公益诉讼制度体系。英美法系的另一个重要国家——英国非常重视公益诉讼。大陆法系国家中法国的越权之诉、德国的团体诉讼与日本民众之诉发展也比较完善。公益诉讼制度为公民基本权利的实现提供了司法保障,也是公民个人对国爱权力的一种制约。行政公益诉讼制度作为新型的制度,也是非常复杂的制度。确立这一制度不仅要求理论上的探讨,更需要立法者的重视和支持。 公益诉讼制度在我国具有巨大的针对性,在现实生活中存在大量公益被侵犯而得不到司法救济的情况。为完善我国行政诉讼制度、实现其价值,有必要在我国建立行政公益诉讼制度。因此,应对现有具备“直接利害关系”的受案范围予以扩大,公民个人、团体、一定机关均可基于维护公益需要提起行政诉讼,并应明确举证责任以及为行政公益诉讼提供一系列程序保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the anther discusses about the meaning of public interest litigation. The sources of the phrase originate from roman law. It developed in the continental law system and common. There are many problems in the administrative litigation system in china, such as limited scope of accepting cases and the harsh conditions of litigation in judicial practice, which are contradictory to modern principle of the rule of law. In order to solve these problems, china must carry out fundamental reform on its administrative system, including establishing and improving the system of administrative public interest litigation. There are numerous reasons for why the Chinese court reform is fluctuating in hallow water district all along, but the basic reason lies in the defects on system design. The court management system, which is now implementing in our country, comparing with other countries, is unique in the sense of modern law. This kind of management system has three drawbacks: first, the judicial powers are localized. Second, the management inside the courts runs with administrative measures. Third, the judges are professionalized.After orienting the clear target of the court’s reform, in operating lay, scientific tactics and methods should be used, and concrete measure should be adopted to deepen court’s management system reform.更多还原