【作者】 闫智慧；

【导师】 张密林；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 应用化学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 催化燃烧是控制和消除NO_x的有效方法。与普通燃烧方式相比,催化燃烧具有较高的燃烧效率与能量利用率。天然气（CH₄）较石油、煤等燃料污染程度低,在燃烧过程中所排放的CO₂、SO₂和NO_x等污染物较少。目前催化燃烧技术中的最大困难就是选择合适的催化剂。因此,本论文通过对负载型贵金属催化剂、钙钛矿型催化剂和六铝酸盐型催化剂的研究,找到了一种比表面积大、热稳定性好且催化活性高的适合甲烷催化燃烧的催化剂。本实验分别利用浸渍法、溶胶凝胶法和共沉淀法制备了负载型贵金属催化剂、钙钛矿型催化剂和六铝酸盐催化剂。用XRD、BET和SEM技术对其进行了表征,并测定了不同类型催化剂上甲烷燃烧的活性。结果表明负载型贵金属催化剂和钙钛矿型催化剂较适合甲烷燃烧的低温阶段,而六铝酸盐型催化剂则适合甲烷高温催化燃烧。其中Ba_0.8La_0.2MnAl₁₁O₁₉—聚乙二醇（PEG,分子量为4000）的效果最佳。此催化剂经1200℃焙烧4h后比表面积为24.7m²/g。当空速为150,000h^-1时,甲烷在700℃就完全转化,比一般的六铝酸盐型催化剂活性较高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Catalytic Combustion is considered a promising method for the effective combustion of lean fuel-air mixture with minimum emission of NO_x. Get along with common combustion, Combustion of methane based catalysts is providing with very high combustion efficiency. Natural gas （ CH₄ ） causes lower pollution than petroleum or coal when it is used as fuel due to the less emission of CO₂、SO₂ and NO_x. Now, the main problem in the development of catalytic combustion processes is to find suitable catalysts. In this work, The reason to study supported noble metal catalysts、 perovskites catalysts and hexxaluminates catalysts is to find out a kind of catalyst with high activity and stability for methane combustion. Supported noble metal catalysts 、 perovskites catalysts and hexxaluminates catalysts were prepared by a technique of wet impregnation 、 sol-gel and co-precipitation respectively. The samples were characterized by XRD、 BET、 SEM, and measured the activities of methane catalytic combustion. The results show that it is suitable for the low temperature of methane combustion with Supported noble metal catalysts、 perovskites catalysts, however, hexxaluminates catalysts can apple for methane high temperature combustion. The effect of PEG4000 was best, its surface was 24.7 m²/g with calcinations in 1200℃、 4h. The methane activity with T_100%（ Temperature for 100% methane conversion） is 700℃ under the condition of 150,000 h^-1 GHSV.更多还原