【作者】 李昕光；

【导师】 崔淑华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 代用燃料经过多年的研究和发展如气体燃料、醇类燃料等都已经在改善能源结构、降低排放污染方面起到了积极作用,可以说代用燃料多元化的局面已经出现并将长时间保持。随着资源情况的变化、长期使用效果的展现及竞争的加剧,同时根据技术进展状况的不同,将会出现几种主导燃料代替日益减少的汽油及柴油。 本文根据目前代用燃料的发展现状,在日益增加的电控燃油喷射汽车上进行几种常用代用燃料的应用试验,目的在于评价几种代用燃料在电喷发动机上的性能特点及其影响因素,为汽车代用燃料在电喷发动机上的应用提供理论依据,为汽车代用燃料在电喷发动机上的推广应用奠定基础。 本文首先介绍了国内外代用燃料的发展现状及未来趋势,并且着重分析了LPG和醇类燃料的物理化学特性以及它们的应用特点和存在的问题。在发动机台架上进行了93#汽油、E10、E20、M15、M30和LPG的动力性、经济性和排放性能试验,并且对这几种燃料的万有特性曲线、全负荷速度特性曲线、负荷特性曲线以及排放性能曲线作出了理论分析。 试验结果表明:捷达电喷发动机在未作任何调整的情况下,燃用E10和E20同93#汽油相比,最大功率和扭矩基本相当,甚至在高转速段有所提高,燃油消耗率有所上升,能耗率下降,CO、HC、NO_x的排放均有所降低,其中E20的尾气排放要优于E10;燃用M15和M30同燃用93#汽油相比,最大功率和扭矩稍有下降,燃油消耗率有所上升,能耗率下降,CO、HC、NO_x的排放均有所降低,其中M30的有害气体排放降幅较大;燃用LPG同燃用93#汽油相比,最大功率和扭矩有所降低,在低转速较为明显,燃气消耗率有所下降,能耗率下降更多,CO、HC、NO_x的排放均有所降低。 总之,本文应用在试验中得到的数据,对几种代用燃料在电喷发动机上的使用性能进行了分析,找出它们的应用特点及其影响因素,为在应用最为广泛的电喷车上充分发挥这些清洁燃料的作用,缓解石油资源短缺和改善大气环境,以及代用燃料合理有效的推广使用奠定了科学的基础,对指导代用燃料的推广具有相当的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With many years of development, substitute fuel has played an important role in reducing the exhaust emission and ameliorating the structure of fuel. Many kinds of substitute fuels developed in the same time will be retained a long time. With the different development of technology and intense competition, maybe a kind of fuel will substitute the gasoline and diesel.The motive of this thesis is evaluating the characteristic of these substitute fuels and providing the theory basis about enlarging the using of substitute fuel in the EFI engine.This thesis introduces the current situation of the several substitute fuels—Liquefied Petroleum Gas, Methyl Alcohol Petrol, Ethanol Petrol and looks forward to their development trend. The chemical and physical peculiarity and application characteristic of LPG, Methyl Alcohol Petrol and Ethanol Petrol are analyzed. Experiments of the EFI engine are carried out including dynamics, economy and exhaust emission by using LPG, M15, M30, E10, E20 and 93#gasoline. The performance curves of exhaust emission, wan-you-te-xing, full-load velocity and load (2000r/min and 4000r/min) are analyzed.The results of the experiments have shown: compared with the 93#gasoline, the engine using E10 and E20 retains its high dynamics performance especially in the high rotation speed and reduces its exhaust emissions and improves the fuel consumption. For the more, the exhaust emission of the engine using E20 is better than E10; however, compared with the 93#gasoline, the engine using M15 and M30 doesn’t retain its high dynamics performance and improves the fuel consumption and reduces its exhaust emissions especially M30; compared with the 93#gasoline, the dynamics performance of the engine using LPG is detracted especially in the low rotation speed and detractes the fuel consumption and the exhaust emissions distinctly.By comparing with gasoline in the same condition and finding out the advantages and disadvantages of the substitute fuels, people can comprehend their property of using and selecting right fuel according to requirement.更多还原