【作者】 柯妍；

【导师】 周玉华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 城市垃圾是城市居民生活、商业活动、市政建设与维护、机关办公等过程产生的固体废物。包括生活垃圾、商业垃圾、医疗垃圾、电子垃圾等几个组成部分。它不仅给城市居民身心健康带来巨大危害,而且有碍观瞻,成为建设“生态型城市”的巨大障碍。目前,我国对于城市垃圾的处理技术主要有卫生填埋、焚烧、高温堆肥等,而对于城市垃圾的管理却存在着政企不分、多头管理等问题,严重影响城市垃圾的处理。本文从分析城市垃圾的成因及危害入手,针对目前我国城市垃圾管理中存在的问题提出了引入市场化机制,从宏观管理体制上改变单一的公有公营运行模式,积极推广BOT、准BOT、TOT等公有私营模式的解决方式;对于目前城市垃圾管理法律体系不健全的局面,从处理城市垃圾的技术角度出发,并借鉴西方发达国家处理城市垃圾的先进经验,提出利于实现城市垃圾资源化、无害化、减量化的立法建议。考虑到我国实际情况,这些建议具有较强的可行性,填补了某些技术和立法方面的空白。在拓宽公众参与渠道,提高公众守法意识上提出了倡导绿色教育、完善听证制度、建立有奖监督机制、会议和调查问卷制度。 本文的立法建议和一些关于垃圾收费、垃圾分类的具体设计如果能够被应用到实践中,将有助于解决城市垃圾源头控制不力,处理过程中大量可用资源流失,尾处理工作与环境不相容而给环境造成巨大压力的现实问题,同时,会带动相关设备产业的发展,更在某种程度上完善了我国有关城市垃圾管理法治环境,具有一定的经济价值和理论意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The municipal refuse is the solid waste which produce in process of urbanite’s life, business activity , urban construction and maintenance as well as organ’s official working. Including several components, such as domestic rubbish, commercial rubbish, medical rubbish, electronic rubbish and so on. It not only brings huge hurt to urbanites’s health physically and mentally, but also hinder sighting , become the enormous obstacle of building " ecological city".At present, the disposal technology to the municipal refuse in our country includes hygiene landfill, burning, high-temperature compost. While there exists in distinction between the functions of the government and those of enterprises in the management of the municipal refuse such problems as bull managing, and badly influence the treatment of the municipal refuse. This paper started with analysing the origin cause of formation and danger of the municipal refuse, directed against the question that have existed in the municipal refuse management of our country at present and proposed introducing the market-based mechanism, and change the single publicly-owned operational mode from the macroscopic management system , actively popularize BOT, allow in the settlement way of publicly-owned privates mode, such as BOT, preparative BOT, TOT and etc. For the situation of imperfect legal system to the municipal refuse at present, set out from the technological angle to deal with the municipal refuse, and use the advanced experience for dealing with municipal refuse of western developed country for reference, propose the legislative suggestion to realize the recycle treatment of the municipal refuse and innoxious and in reduction. Considering the actual conditions of our country, these suggestions have stronger feasibility, also have filled in the blanks of some technology and legislation.If the legal suggestion and concretes design which included rubbish charge and rubbish sort in the paper, can be put into practice, it will, contribute to solving the controlling power’s absence of municipal refuse source, the problem of a large number of available resource loss in the course of dealing with, as well as the realistic problem of the enormous pressure caused by incompatible between end work’s treatment and environment, meanwhile, it will drive the development of the relevant equipment industry, and to a certain extent even more, perfect the relevant municipal refuse of our country and manage the environment governed by law , have certain economic worth and theoretical meaning.更多还原