框架式断路器智能控制器的研制

【作者】 王朝霞；

【导师】 李正军；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 低压框架式断路器是电力系统中低压配电网中的主要电器开关之一,它不仅可以接通和分断正常负载电流和过载电流,而且可以接通和分断短路电流。主要在不频繁操作的低压配电线路或开关柜中作为电源开关使用,并对线路、电器设备等实行保护,当它们发生严重过流、过载、短路、断相、漏电等故障时,能自动切断线路,起保护作用,应用十分广泛。智能控制器是框架式断路器上的保护装置,也是断路器的核心控制装置。20世纪90年代,随着电力电子技术、微电子技术、计算机技术和通信技术的飞速发展,断路器的保护装置已由传统的电磁式过流脱扣器发展成采用集成电路的电子式脱扣器,直至目前出现了带高性能微处理器的智能控制器。新一代的智能控制器采用了模块化结构设计,集测量、监视、控制、通信、保护等功能于一体,在低压系统中得到了广泛的应用。本文依据智能控制器的技术要求和设计指标,设计了一款适合当前国内需求的智能控制器。 本文介绍了断路器智能控制器的设计原理,包括测量及保护算法原理和保护功能原理;并进行了具体的硬件和软件模块化设计,旨在实现智能控制器的测量、监视、控制、通信和保护等各种功能。在设计中,优化了保护算法,克服了同类产品跳闸速度慢的缺点,很好地解决了跳闸出口灵敏性与准确性之间的矛盾。 在本课题中,该智能控制器在硬件上以TI公司生产的DSP芯片TMS320LF2407A为核心处理器,主要进行数据的实时采集处理和断路器的故障保护等。硬件设计采用了标准化模块设计方法,硬件电路尽可能选择标准化、模块化结构的典型电路,以便扩展。丰富的用户资源使该控制器可以满足国内绝大多数用户的要求,友好的用户界面使得控制器的操作更加简单明了。软件程序部分采用模块化的设计方法,使用汇编语言和C语言混合编程的方式,大大提高了编程效率又能很好的兼顾程序的执行效率。 最后,就TMS320LF2407本身具有的一个全双工的SCI串行口,提出了基于RS-485总线转LonWorks现场总线的通信模块的设计方案,实现了智能更多还原

【Abstract】 The low-voltage frame circuit breaker is one of the main electric apparatus switches in the low-voltage power distribution network, It can put through and disconnect not only normal load current and overload current but also short current. It is mainly used in the not frequently operated low-voltage power distribution line or cubicle switchboard and served as power switch, and protect circuit, electric equipment, etc, When they take place overcurrent, overload, shorting out, loss of phase, leaking electricity, etc, it can cut off the circuit automatically, so it is used widely. The intellectual controller is a protector of the frame breaker, and is a key control device of the circuit breaker too. In the 1990s, with the development at full speed of electric and electronic technology, microelectric technique, computer technology and communication technology, the protector of the circuit breaker has already been lead by traditional electromagnetism release to develop into a electronic release which adopts the integrated circuit, until presenting the intellectual controller with high performance microprocessor at present. The intellectual controller of new generation adopts the module structural design, incorporate functions, such as measurement , monitoring , controlling, communication, protecting, etc. into an organic whole, widely used in the low-voltage system. According to the specification requirement and design index of the intellectual controller, we have designed a intellectual controller which is suitable for the present domestic demand.This text introduce the design principle of intellectual controller, including measurement and protection principle of algorithms and the protection function principle, and has carried on the concrete design of hardware and software modularization, aim at realizing various kinds of functions, such as measurement, monitorin, controlling, communication, protecting of the intellectual controller, etc. In this text, we optimize protection algorithm, overcome the shortcoming that is tripping slowly of congener product, have well solved the contradiction of tripping betweensensitivity and accuracy.Among this subject, this intellectual controller regards DSP chip TMS320LF2407 which Ti Company produces as the key processor on the hardware, it is mainly deal with trouble protection in circuit breaker and gathering data in real time. Hardware adopts standardized module design method, hardware circuit choose standardization, module typical circuit of structure as much as possible, in order to expand. Abundant user resources make this controller able to meet domestic most users’ request, friendly user’s interface makes the operation of the controller more simple and more clear . The software adopts the module design method, uses the assembler language and C language to mix programming way, have improved the execution efficiency of giving consideration to the procedure that programming efficiency can be very good greatly.Finally, using full duplex serial port of SCI of TMS320LF2407 itself, we put forward a plan of communication module design on the basis of RS- 485 bus to LonWorks field bus. It has realized the two-way communication function between the intellectual controller and PC. Achieves the purpose of remote control and remote adjust through field bus system, makes performance strengthen of the intellectual controller, accord with the demands for distribution system.更多还原