【作者】 张彦丽；

【导师】 李善评；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【副题名】利用高炉瓦斯灰制备聚合铝铁无机高分子絮凝剂的研究

【摘要】 高炉瓦斯灰是炼铁高炉在炼铁过程中随高炉煤气（亦称瓦斯）带出的原燃料的粉尘以及高温区激烈反应而产生的微粒,是钢铁企业主要固体排放物之一。我国的钢铁产量近年来跃居世界首位,炼铁高炉产生的高炉瓦斯灰总量相当大,以铁产量的1.7%计,全国年产瓦斯灰近200万吨。由于高炉瓦斯灰是炼铁的废渣,数量又大,因此这必然给环境造成不利的影响。 本研究根据高炉瓦斯灰的特点,以其为主要原料研制具有优良絮凝性能的无机高分子絮凝剂——聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）,其研究结果不仅对钢厂废物高炉瓦斯灰的综合利用具有一定的指导意义,为高炉瓦斯灰的综合利用探索了一条新途径,而且达到了以废治废的目的,取得良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。 本论文针对高炉瓦斯灰中铁、铝的含量不同,通过大量的实验确定了高炉瓦斯灰中铁、铝的最佳溶出条件。在此基础上,根据铁、铝的不同水解特性,控制发生水解聚合反应的条件,合成了具有优良絮凝性能的复合型无机高分子絮凝剂——聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）,并将其应用于高岭土浊度水和酿造废水的处理,取得了良好的处理效果。 本论文的主要研究结果:（1）在高炉瓦斯灰的酸溶阶段,盐酸对瓦斯灰中铁、铝的溶出效果优于硫酸,本研究选择盐酸作为溶出高炉瓦斯灰中铁、铝的溶剂。（2）用盐酸溶高炉瓦斯灰的最佳溶出实验条件为:反应温度100℃左右、反应时间3h、灰酸比1:3,此时高炉瓦斯灰中铁、铝的溶出率分别为67.61%和12.35%。（3）从聚合实验结果及其分析可知,以Al（OH）₃溶胶为高炉瓦斯灰溶出液的调聚剂所制备的PAFC产品的稳定性及对浊度的去除效果均优于以Na₂CO₃溶液作调聚剂时所制备的PAFC产品的稳定性和对浊度的去除效果。（4）在高炉瓦斯灰最佳溶出实验条件的基础上,向溶出液中加入Al（OH）₃溶胶在60～70℃的条件下搅拌反应4h,得到的复合无机高分子絮凝剂PAFC稳定性好,对高岭土废水的浊度去除率可达到99.36%。（5）用自制的PAFC处理酿造废水其适宜的投加量范围为40～50mg/L,pH值范围为8～10,沉降时间为40～50min。在此条件下,处理效果最佳,SS去除率可达到90%以上,COD_Cr去除率可达45%左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 The blast furnace dust is a kind of solid waste that produced in the process of iron smelting. It is one of the main solid wastes of the steel plant. At present, the steel output of our country have taken the first in the world, and the yield of blast furnace dust is approximately 2 millions of tons per year, when being calculated by 1.7 percent of the number of iron output. Because it is a kind of solid waste in the iron smelting process in large number, the blast furnace dust not only take up much land, pollute environment but also waste a lot of resource if not been reused.We research and product a kind of inorganic polymer flocculant with excellentproperty-PAFC according to the feature of the blast furnace dust . The work hasguiding significance certainly to synthesis application of the blast furnace dust. The research can not only solve the environmental pollution caused by the blast furnace dust , but also obtain useful resource. In the paper, a new method is found for the reuse of the blast furnace dust.According to the different content of iron and aluminum in the blast furnace dust, the optimum experimental condition that can reach the highest dissolution ratio of iron and aluminum is obtained by a number of experiments. On the basis of those experiments’ results and the different hydrolytic features of iron and aluminum, a kindof inorganic high polymer flocculant-PAFC is synthesized by controlling thehydrolytic reaction conditions. At the same time, kaoline water and brewing wastewater are treated by PAFC and the disposing results are good.The main results are: （1） The dissolution ratio of iron and aluminum in the blast furnace dust dissolving by hydrochloric acid is higher than that of sulfuric acid. As a result, hydrochloric acid is selected as the proper dissolvent of the blast furnace dust. （2） The dissolution ratio of iron and aluminum can reach 67.61 percent and 12.35 percent respectively when the experimental temperature is controlled at 100℃, the reacting time is 3 hours, and the mixing ratio of the blast furnace dust and the hydrochloric acid is 1:3. （3） Compare Al（OH）₃ with the solution of Na₂CO₃ as regulator of pH, we find out that PAFC with better stability and higher turbidityremoval ratio can be synthesized with Al（0H）3 as regulator. （4） On the basis of the optimum condition of the dissolving experiment, add A1（OH）3 to neutralize the pH of the dissolution of blast furnace dust, preserve the hydrolytic temperature of 60^<sup>70°C for 4 hours, under those conditions, PAFC with better stability and higher turbidity removal ratio can be synthesized. And the turbidity removal ratio of kaoline water can reach 99.36 percent. （5） The SS and CODcr removal ratio of brewing wastewater can reach 90 percent and 45 percent respectively when the dosage of PAFC is in the limit of 40^<sup>50mg/L , pH is in the limit of 8-—10, and the sedimentation time is in the limit of40⁵0min.更多还原