基于USB接口的TGC探测器信号道检测系统

【作者】 王所杰；

【导师】 冯存峰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 粒子物理与原子核物理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 LHC(Large Hadron Collider)是欧洲核子研究中心(CREN)在建的大型质子-质子对撞机,对撞能量为14TeV,建成后将成为世界上能量最高的对撞机。ATLAS(A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS)是将建在LHC其中一个对撞点上的大型强子多用途粒子探测器。TGC(Thin Gas Chamber)探测器用于ATLAS探测器的μ子触发探测器系统中,它是一种工作在饱和模式下的特殊多丝正比室,具有较高的时间分辨率和较好的空间分辨率,其时间分辨率优于25ns。 ATLAS共需要3968个TGC探测器。山东大学高能物理研究室承担了ATLAS μ子触发探测器系统中400个TGC探测器单元的研制和生产,每个单元有64个信号道。为了保障生产的TGC探测器的合格率,作为生产流程中的一个环节,在TGC双层单元合成后和在TGC封装之前要对其信号道(共计400~*64=25600道)进行性能检测。 依据TGC探测器物理结构的电子学特性,采用了一种简便的测试方法,设计了一套快速的信号测试系统。鉴于USB(Universal Serial Bus)接口的快速性和安装方便等优点,采取了通过USB接口把数据上传给计算机,在计算机上显示测量结果,并给出TGC信号道的状态报告,实现自动检测64路TGC信号道。把USB接口技术与传统的数据采集技术相结合建立了一套基于USB接口的TGC探测器信号道检测系统。 文中介绍了USB接口技术的基本知识,阐明了TGC信号道检测系统的工作原理,详细的阐述了整套系统硬件部分(信号道选取、模拟信号处理和USB接口)的电路设计和软件部分(固件程序、设备驱动程序和用户界面程序)的实现。 整个系统的硬件部分在一块PCB(Printed Circuit Board)上实现,设计完好的的硬件部分满足NIM(Nuclear Instrument Modules)标准。软件部分中的固件程序不仅完成对USB外设的控制,而且依据USB协议还完成对采集数据的上传,以及解析来自主机的命令。驱动程序起到了底层硬件与用户界面程序之间的桥梁作用,采用WDM (Windows Driver Model)模型,以DDK(Driver更多还原

【Abstract】 Large Hadronic Collider(LHC) , locate at CERN(European Organization for Nuclear Research), will be the highest energy proton-proton collider in the world with 14-TeV center of mass by now. ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC Apparatus) is a huge general-purpose particle detector which will be installed on one colliding point of LHC, TGC(Thin Gas Chamber)detector is one member of Muon trigger system on ATLAS. TGC detector is a multi-wire chamber characterized by its rapid response time and high granularity, its response time’ is less than 25ns.Shandong University is in charge of the production of 400 TGC chambers for ATLAS, parts of 3968 ATLAS TGC chambers in total. There are 64 signal channels for every TGC chamber. Every signal channel of all detector must be checked in the assembly process to keep perfect TGC quality, total 400*64=25600 signal channels.One handy USB(Universal Serial Bus) system has been developed to check the signal channels of TGC detectors according to the fabric of TGC., This system transfer the data from DAQ system to the host computer by USB interface, because USB system is fast and easy to operate. Each time, all the 64 signal channels of one TGC chamber were scanned automatically, the testing report are displayed on the screen of computer, the testing data are recorded on the computer disk in text format. This system is based on USB interface technology, and integrates traditional data acquisition technology into USB technology.In this thesis, the following parts were included: introduction the USB interface technology; The principle of the TGC signal channel testing system; The detail description of the design of hardware module (choicing signal channel, regulating analog signals USB interface)and software( firmware, USB equipment driver and user interface of computer)?Hardware module is on a PCB(Printed Circuit Board) ,it is a NIM .Firmware not only can control USB equipment ,but also transmits data to pc and interpret command from pc. USB equipment driver is a bridge between hardware and User Interface.For communicating with low nuclear mechanism under Windows ,It uses WDM(Windows Driver Model) and DDK(Driver Development Kit).The method of developing USB equipment under windows system is presented . This system is friendly, there are several different set can be used for different measurement. It can be set to: check only one signal channel of one TGC, scan all 64 signal channel one after another, scan only parts of all the channels. The testing results are agree with the TGC machinery, so it show that the system work stably and exactly.更多还原