【作者】 吕其军；

【导师】 施永生；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对采用厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)系统处理城市生活污水进行了研究,试验内容包括反应器的研究制作、厌氧污泥的接种驯化、反应系统的启动运行、系统在不同水力停留时间下的运行研究、反应器内各格室对污水处理效果的研究、低温对反应器处理效果的研究、反应器内的污泥特性研究等,最后研究了ABR反应器处理工艺在实际中的应用前景。 试验研究结果表明:①延长水力停留时间(HRT)能提高ABR反应器对城市污水的处理效率,但HRT达到一定值后,继续提高对污水的去除率影响不大。环境温度在25℃左右,进水COD浓度为226.0～570.4mg/L,HRT达到5.2h后对污水中COD的去除率就已达到80%以上,继续提高HRT到9.6h,平均去除率达到86.1%,继续提高HRT,去除率提高不大。所以,对于处理生活污水,ABR反应器的最佳HRT为9.6h左右。②ABR反应器中第一格室与其余各格室的处理效果明显不同。第一格室的处理效果明显远高于其余各格室的去除效果。对于浊度的去除,第一格室的去除率达到76.4%,其余各格室合计达8.8%;对于有机污染物的去除,第一格室贡献了总去除率中的83%以上,其余三格室总共只占了不到17%。同时,由于反应器内污泥良好的生物截留能力,使得反应器对污水中的悬浮物质有着良好的过滤功能,出水不需要进行沉淀操作。③环境温度对ABR反应器的处理效果有一定的影响。但当外界环境温度在16℃以上时,降低温度对ABR反应器的去除效果影响不大。当环境温度为16℃时,ABR反应器对生活污水中COD的去除率仍可以达到79%以上。即使环境温度下降到12℃,反应器对COD仍具有一定的去除效果,达到68%。但是环境温度降到10℃以下时,处理效果明显变差。同时研究表明,环境温度降低时可以通过提高污水的水力停留时间来提高反应器对污染物质的去除率,环境温度为12℃时,将污水的HRT从5.2h提高到10.0h,反应器对污水中COD的去除率由68.0%提高到72.4%。④ABR反应器对污水中的有机物浓度具有良好的抗冲击负荷能力。污水中COD由226.0mg/L上升到570.4mg/L时,反应器对COD仍具有77%以上的去除率。⑤试验得出了ABR反应器处理城镇污水中溶解性BOD的去除率随HRT变化的动力学模式。⑥ABR反应器污泥产率低,并且能形成一定量的颗粒污泥,污泥不易流失,能在ABR反应器内保持高的污泥量,这是反应器稳定高效运行的基本保证。在反应器的第一、二格室内,观测到一部分的颗粒污泥,粒径为0.5～1mm,但这两个格室内的污泥没有达到污泥完全颗粒化;由于有机负荷低,在反应器的第三、四格室内没有出现颗粒污泥。⑦ABR反应器处理系统更多还原

【Abstract】 This study used anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to treat municipal sewage. The content of the study include the manufacture of the reactor, the inoculation and acclimation of anaerobic sludge, the startup of ABR, the performance of ABR under different HRT, the performance of compartments in ABR, the effect of low temperature on ABR, the characteristic of sludge in the rector and studied the application foreground of ABR at last.The results of experiment showed that: ①Prolong the time of HRT cap raise the removal rate of ABR. The removal rate can raise from 80% to 86.1% when prolong the HRT from 5.2h to 9.6h at 25 ℃ and 226.0~570.4mg/L COD in the influent .Continue prolonging the HRT, the removal rate of COD has few raise again. So the best HRT of ABR to treat municipal sewage is at about 9.6h. ②The removal rate in the fist compartment was higher than the other ones. For the turbidity, the removal rate in the first compartment can get 76.4% while the others add up to 8.8%; For the organics, the first compartment removed more than 83% of the total removal rate. Because the reactor have the ability of entrapment for sludge, so the effluent doesn’t require sedimentation.③Reducing temperature could influence the removal efficiency little before 16℃, and the removal rate of COD can be more than 79% and 68% when the temperature is 16℃ and 12℃ respectively. The removal efficiency would be bad when the temperature dropped to under 10℃. Prolong the time of HRT form 5.2h to 10.0h could raise the removal rate from 68.0% to 72.4% for COD at the temperature of 12℃. ④ABR was stable to hydraulic and organic shock loadings. The concentration of COD raised to 570.4mg/L from 226.0mg/L, the reactor still has a removal rate of more than 77%. ⑤In the study the degradation kinetic model of soluble BOD with HRT for municipal sewage treatment was built. ⑥ABR would produce little sludge and can obtain granulated active sludge which is difficult to drain from the reactor and can maintain high quantity of sludge. In the first and Second compartment, appeared some granulated active sludge which diameter is 0.5-1mm, and in the other two compartment haven’t granulated active sludge because of low organic loading.⑦ABR is fit for treating waste water in the villages and towns because of its simple process, easy operating, low investment than the other waste water treatment technology.更多还原