小龙潭露天矿爆破技术与爆破震动研究

【作者】 徐冬春；

【导师】 穆大耀；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究小龙潭爆破技术和爆破震动两个内容。阐述了延时爆破机理和延时降震机理。通过现场调查,提出以孔网参数、炸药选型、间隔装药等三个方面为主的爆破技术研究,从试验的爆破效果上分别分析露天挤压爆破和露天爆破在小龙潭的应用情况;粉状乳化炸药对改善爆破效果上优于2~#岩石乳化炸药,以及不同装药结构对爆破效果的影响。通过试验爆破参数,比较爆破效果,确定合理的爆破参数和装药形式。降低爆破震动主要以延时降震为主,提出以时间间隔为100ms的普通电雷管和高精度电子雷管(10ms和20ms)的实验方案,分析各延时时间爆破震动波形。通过美国科学家 Charles H.Dowding实验,说明为什么余震段震动速度比主震段震动速度还大,阐述周围环境对爆破震动的影响,并计算爆破震动放大系数为1.05～1.99:应用量纲分析法和回归分析法求解主震频率公式和爆破震动速度公式。通过功率谱密度分析进一步说明延时时间和频率的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly studies the blasting technology and blasting vibration in Xiaolongtan,and explains millisecond blasting mechanism and reducing millisecond blasting vibration mechanism.Through investigation on the spot ,the writer presents an blastingtechnology studying method which mainly contains borehole psttern parameter,the selection of explosion of open extrusion blasting and open blasting in Xiaolongtan from the effect of blasting experiment,powdery emulsion explosive is better than emulsion explosion of 2(?) rock at improving blasting effect,and the influence of different charging construction on blasting results.Through the experiment of blasting parameters,this paper compares blasting effects and confirms the reasonable blasting parameters and chanrging comsteuction.The reduction of blasting vibration ,the weitoer present the experimental plan using the electronic detonator whose time interal plan suing the electronic detonator whose time interal is 100ms and electronic detonator on the high level of precision ,and analyzes wave form of blasting vibration in every millisecond. By an American scientist,Charles H.Dowding’s experiment,the paper explains the reason why the speed of vibration in after burst part is faster than in driver unit,presenta the effect of surrounding on blasting vibration,work out that the magnification coefficient of blasting vibration is 1.05~1.99,applies dimensional analysis and regression analysis to calculate the formula of blasting frequency and the formula of blasting vibration speed ,and by power spectrum denseness analysis, further explains the relation between millseconfd time and frequency.更多还原