【作者】 黄荣峰；

【导师】 徐涵秋；

【作者基本信息】 福州大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 本文利用遥感影像数字处理技术对2000 年5 月4 日获取的福州市城区范围内的Landsat ETM+影像进行了遥感信息提取,在地理信息系统(GIS)的辅助下进行研究,并对福州市土地利用与城市热环境的关系进行了分析。SFIM 法是近年来发展起来的一种融合方法,它是将高空间分辨率的纹理信息提取出来融合到低空间分辨率波段中,从而很好地保留了光谱和空间信息。本文利用SFIM 变换,将2000 年Landsat ETM+遥感影像的多光谱波段与Pan波段进行融合,将融合后的影像进行监督分类,并对福州市城区土地利用状况进行分析,在归纳福州市城区土地利用现状和特点的基础上,分析福州市城区土地利用与管理面临的形势,提出促进土地资源可持续利用的对策与措施。地表通量中的显热和潜热是众多数值天气预报、区域气候模型和区域水文模型的重要输入参数,也是农业生态研究、森林生态研究、城市绿地生态效应研究中的重要指标。本文利用遥感资料从热通量的角度研究城市热环境并提取相关信息:地表参数(NDVI 指数、地表反照率)和地表能量通量(净辐射通量、土壤热通量、显热通量、潜热通量)。此外,Landsat ETM+热红外数据反演的地面亮温能够反映温度场的分布规律,可为城市热环境质量评价和热源调查提供准确、丰富的信息。根据反演出的地表辐射温度,对福州市城市热力场的空间分布特征和热力景观进行了定量分析。研究表明福州市城区明显存在城市热岛现象,并初步分析了福州市城市热岛效应的成因及其对生态环境的影响,提出了改善城市热环境的对策与措施。在对福州市城区土地利用状况和城市热环境分析的基础上,对福州市城区土地利用与城市热环境的互动关系进行了研究。研究结果表明,城市下垫面的结构与性质是影响城市热岛效应的主要因素,它构成了城市热岛的“本底”,而土地利用变化的不合理性,将会加剧城市热岛效应。由于城市热岛效应的存在,以及城市热岛效应对城市生态环境带来的影响,使得人们在进行城市规划设计时,必须采取有效措施来缓解城市热岛效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 The digital image processing technology of remote sensing was applied to the extraction of remote sensing information of Fuzhou city using the Landsat ETM+ imagery acquired on May 4, 2000. The study was further aided by Geographic Information System (GIS). Meanwhile, the analysis of the relationship between the landuse and the heat environment of Fuzhou city was also done. The SFIM method is a data fusion algorithm developed in recent years. By means of this method, the high spatial resolution texture information was extracted, and then merged with the low spatial resolution bands. So the spectral and spatial information were better merged. In this thesis, we merged the multi-spectral bands into Pan band of the Landsat ETM+ image by the SFIM algorithm. Then the supervised classification was done and the situation of Fuzhou city’s landuse was analyzed. Base on this analysis, the strategy for the sustainable development of landuse of the city was presented. The sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are important input parameters in numeric weather forecast, regional climate and hydrological models. And also are important indexes for the study of agriculture ecology, forest ecology and urban vegetation ecological effect. In this thesis, we used the remote sensing material to study urban heat environment based on the flux information. The related information extracted from this image is as follows: land surface parameters (NDVI, land surface albedo) and land surface energy flux (net radiation flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux). Furthermore, the ground radiation temperature derived from Landsat ETM+ thermal data can show the spatial distribution pattern of temperature and provide accurate, plentiful information for urban heat environment evaluation and heat source inquiry. According to the radiation temperature derived from the imaery, the quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution pattern of urban thermal field was done. The study indicated that the Fuzhou city had distinct urban heat island phenomenon. The relationship between the distribution of thermal field and the urban landuse type is notable. We analyzed the reasons of urban heat island and its influences to the ecological environment of Fuzhou, and presented the suggestion to reduce the urban heat environment effect. The study on the interaction between urban landuse and urban heat environment was further done. The study indicated that the ground surface structure and characters are main factor affecting urban heat island. It is the foundation of urban heat island. On the other hand, it makes us be aware of the urban heat island when doing city planning due to the existence of urban heat island and its influence to the urban ecological environment.更多还原