20世纪60年代以来美国妇女政治地位转变的原因再探讨

【作者】 李睿；

【导师】 吴群；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 世界史， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 美国妇女政治地位的转变是美国社会多种因素共同作用的结果。除了政治、经济、教育文化及社会给妇女带来的积极影响外,美国妇女组织的作用是一个值得深入探讨的关键因素。 本文力求从美国妇女政治地位的转变和妇女组织的关系入手,运用社会性别分析方法和利益集团理论从以下三个方面展开论述。第一,简要介绍20世纪60年代以来的美国妇女政治地位转变的表现,第二,在介绍表现的基础上罗列了一些导致妇女政治地位转变的传统观点,提出仅仅依靠经济、教育,妇女地位是难以得到根本性转变的。第三,阐明妇女组织是改变美国妇女政治地位的核心力量。通过描述妇女组织的兴起、发展,分析妇女组织发展的历史背景,从中总结出妇女组织的新特点。强调妇女组织组织目标和运作方式的政治化。指出通过妇女组织的活动美国妇女的政治地位发生了积极转变。但是,也指出由于针对女性的传统社会意识形态存在的长期性,因此要根本改变美国妇女的政治地位是一个极为艰辛和漫长的过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 The transition of the American women’s political status is the consequence that involves a variety of factors in American society. These factors include the politics, economy, education and culture. Except these factors, the women’s organizations play a critical role in changing the American women’s political status. Thus, the exploration of this issue is to impose profound influence on the society.The thesis makes efforts to discuss the function of the American women’s organizations by perspective of the gender and the theory of interest groups in a logical way the following three aspects in the light of the relation between the changing of American women’s political status and the function of the American women’s organizations. The first part sums up the performance of the changing of the American women’s political status. The second part lists the traditional views that lead the changing of the American women’s political status. Points out that merely depending on the support of the economy.and education conditions cannot make the transition .The third part presents that the women’s organizations is the critical factor in transforming the American women’s political status. By depicting the appearance and development of the women’s organizations, andlysing the background of the arising of women’s organizations, summarizing the new traits of women’s organizations. Stress is laid on that the women’s organizations put the seeking of women’s political rights as the chiefly task. Nevertheless, due to changing the social ideology of women is an endless process; the endeavor of changing of American women’s political status will be continuing.更多还原