【作者】 褚金华；

【导师】 程乐鸣； 骆仲泱； 岑可法；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 工程热物理， 2005， 硕士

【摘要】 能源结构调整和天然气应用越来越受到我国的重视,开展天然气清洁无污染燃烧的研究具有重要的现实意义。气体燃料在渐变型多孔介质中的燃烧技术在很多方面具有其优越性,将它应用于天然气的高效低污染燃烧,是一项填补国内空白的工作。 本文以实现高效清洁燃烧为目标,研究了渐变型多孔介质中燃烧特性、污染物排放特性、传热特性和阻力特性,在此基础上设计了渐变型多孔介质燃气炉,并对燃气炉进行了传热与污染物排放特性的研究。 建立了渐变型多孔介质燃烧器单管试验系统,对燃烧器的性能进行了研究。利用对燃烧室温度变化的监测,探讨了渐变型多孔介质燃烧器的启动特性规律。得到渐变型多孔介质燃烧器具有较低的NOx和CO排放浓度、较强的传热特性和较小的阻力。为多孔介质燃气炉的设计奠定了基础。 进行了渐变型多孔介质燃烧器在分级送风方式下性能的研究,所得结果还与单管试验进行了比较。发现分级送风方式下燃烧室温度分布更均匀,对低NO_x排放具有很好的作用,但是在启动特性和传热特性方面都不如单管试验燃烧器。 在试验研究的基础上,探索设计了渐变型多孔介质燃气炉。从市场调查和试验经验出发,通过计算确定燃气炉的一些基本参数和炉型。同时对燃气炉的设计方法进行了探索,通过计算确定了燃气炉各部分的结构参数。 建立了多孔介质燃气炉试验系统,对燃气炉进行了试验研究。通过燃气炉的传热特性研究,多孔介质燃气炉基本符合设计要求,并具有较大的负荷调节范围。燃气炉的最高换热效率约为99%,排烟温度很低,部分水蒸汽凝结。采用罗斯蒙特(Rosement)烟气分析仪对污染物排放进行了在线测量,得到了燃气炉运行时NO_x和CO的排放规律。并发现多孔介质燃气炉在试验工况范围内压力降都相当小。更多还原

【Abstract】 More importance is attached to the adjustment of energy constitution and the utilization of natural gas in China nowadays. And it becomes very significant to develop the technique of natural gas combustion with lower pollutants emission. The technique of fuel gases combustion in gradually-varied porous media (GVPM) has many advantages, and its application in natural gas combustion with higher efficiency and lower pollutants emission will be a blank-filling work in our country.In this paper, we are targeting to the realization of high efficiency combustion and low pollutants emission. The characteristics of combustion, pollutants emission、 heat diffusion and resistance in the GVPM are mainly studied, on the base of which we designed the GVPM gas-fired boiler and put forward the research on the characteristics of heat diffusion and pollutants emission.The monotube-test system was established to study the performance of the GVPM burner. We discussed the startup characteristic of the GVPM burner with the monitor of temperature distribution, and found that the GVPM burner has the merits of lower NO_X and CO emission、 higher heat diffusion and lower resistance, based on which we designed the GVPM gas-fired boiler.Experimental studies were done on the characteristics of the GVPM burner with two stages, and the results were compared with those of the monotube tests. It suggested that the temperature distribution was more uniform, and greatly contributed to the lower emission of NO_X, but was not as good as the monotube-test burner in the characteristics of startup and heat diffusion.On the base of the experimental research, we designed a water boiler with a GVPM burner was designed. Meanwhile, the design method of the gas-fired boiler was explored, and the construction parameters of each part were calculated.A testing system of porous media gas-fired boiler was set, and experiments were done. The gas-fired boiler was generally satisfactory according to the heat diffusion characteristic research, with wide range of load regulation. The maximum heat exchange efficiency of the boiler was about 99%, the smoke exhaust temperature was very low, and some water vapor coagulated. We obtained the emission law of NO_X and CO on the operating boiler through online measurement of pollutants emission with Rosement’s continuous emissions monitoring system. There was also fairly low differential pressure within the work condition of the boiler.更多还原